The challenges of prompt identification and resuscitation in children with acute fulminant myocarditis: case series and review of the literature

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
Geethanjali RamachandraPadmanabhan Ramnarayan

Abstract

To describe the clinical presentation, triage, resuscitation and outcome of acute fulminant myocarditis in children presenting to district hospitals and referred for cardiac intensive care. Case series describing five patients (from 2 weeks to 12 years old) with a diagnosis of acute fulminant myocarditis, presented to outlying hospitals between December 2006 and December 2007 and retrieved to a cardiac intensive care unit. All children were admitted with non-specific symptoms such as vomiting, cough and poor feeding to their local hospital, where various provisional diagnoses such as viral gastroenteritis, bronchitis or renal failure were considered. Acute physiological deterioration usually prompted the referral for intensive care. Two children died at the referring hospital during stabilisation by the retrieval team. Three children survived transport to intensive care and to hospital discharge; two received mechanical support and one underwent urgent orthotopic heart transplantation. Enterovirus and parvovirus were identified as causative agents in two patients. In one case, macrophage activation syndrome was diagnosed although no clear viral trigger was identified. Median length of hospitalisation among survivors was 33 days...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 22, 2012·Journal of Postgraduate Medicine·A R SabooC Warke
Jul 1, 2011·Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy·Kathleen E Simpson, Charles E Canter
Nov 26, 2013·The Canadian Journal of Cardiology·Paul F KantorUNKNOWN Children's Heart Failure Study Group
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Aug 23, 2019·Congenital Heart Disease·Soham DasguptaMatthew E Oster
Jun 11, 2021·The Journal of Emergency Medicine·Michael GottliebBrit Long

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