The chemical structure and phosphorothioate content of hydrophobically modified siRNAs impact extrahepatic distribution and efficacy.

Nucleic Acids Research
Annabelle BiscansAnastasia Khvorova

Abstract

Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have revolutionized the treatment of liver diseases. However, robust siRNA delivery to other tissues represents a major technological need. Conjugating lipids (e.g. docosanoic acid, DCA) to siRNA supports extrahepatic delivery, but tissue accumulation and gene silencing efficacy are lower than that achieved in liver by clinical-stage compounds. The chemical structure of conjugated siRNA may significantly impact invivo efficacy, particularly in tissues with lower compound accumulation. Here, we report the first systematic evaluation of the impact of siRNA scaffold-i.e. structure, phosphorothioate (PS) content, linker composition-on DCA-conjugated siRNA delivery and efficacy in vivo. We found that structural asymmetry (e.g. 5- or 2-nt overhang) has no impact on accumulation, but is a principal factor for enhancing activity in extrahepatic tissues. Similarly, linker chemistry (cleavable versus stable) altered activity, but not accumulation. In contrast, increasing PS content enhanced accumulation of asymmetric compounds, but negatively impacted efficacy. Our findings suggest that siRNA tissue accumulation does not fully define efficacy, and that the impact of siRNA chemical structure on activity is ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 22, 2020·Molecular Therapy : the Journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·Annabelle BiscansAnastasia Khvorova
Apr 7, 2021·EMBO Molecular Medicine·Suzan M HammondVirginia Arechavala-Gomeza
Apr 27, 2021·Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering·Walter ThavarajahJulius B Lucks

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
antisense oligonucleotides
size-exclusion chromatography
Assay

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism
GraphPad

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