The Chicken or the Egg? The Direction of the Relationship Between Mathematics Anxiety and Mathematics Performance

Frontiers in Psychology
Emma CareyDénes Szűcs

Abstract

This review considers the two possible causal directions between mathematics anxiety (MA) and poor mathematics performance. Either poor maths performance may elicit MA (referred to as the Deficit Theory), or MA may reduce future maths performance (referred to as the Debilitating Anxiety Model). The evidence is in conflict: the Deficit Theory is supported by longitudinal studies and studies of children with mathematical learning disabilities, but the Debilitating Anxiety Model is supported by research which manipulates anxiety levels and observes a change in mathematics performance. It is suggested that this mixture of evidence might indicate a bidirectional relationship between MA and mathematics performance (the Reciprocal Theory), in which MA and mathematics performance can influence one another in a vicious cycle.

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Citations

May 21, 2016·Frontiers in Psychology·Ann DowkerChung Yen Looi
Sep 9, 2016·Frontiers in Psychology·Colleen M Ganley, Amanda L McGraw
Dec 20, 2017·Frontiers in Psychology·Gerardo Ramirez
Dec 18, 2019·Dementia & Neuropsychologia·Larissa de Souza SalvadorVitor Geraldi Haase
Jan 31, 2020·The British Journal of Educational Psychology·Stacy T ShawGerardo Ramirez
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Jun 8, 2018·The British Journal of Developmental Psychology·Maja RodicYulia Kovas
Sep 14, 2018·Frontiers in Psychology·Danielle EvansAndy P Field
Dec 5, 2019·Science Advances·Kyoung Whan ChoeSian L Beilock
Aug 15, 2020·Frontiers in Psychology·Kiran VanbinstAnn Dowker
Aug 27, 2019·Frontiers in Psychology·Jing ZhangQi Ping Kong
Dec 19, 2019·Frontiers in Psychology·Ann DowkerAnnemie Desoete
Feb 19, 2020·Translational Psychiatry·Margherita MalanchiniYulia Kovas
Jun 13, 2020·Frontiers in Psychology·Paula Andrea Maldonado MoscosoRoberto Arrighi
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