The chordoid larva of Symbion pandora (Cycliophora) is a modified trochophore

Journal of Morphology
Peter Funch

Abstract

Developmental and free-living stages of the chordoid larva of the cycliophoran species, Symbion pandora Funch and Kristensen 1995, were studied using light and electron microscopy. In the free-living stage of the larva, about 200 μm long, four ciliated areas are found: two anterior bands, a ventral ciliated field, and a posterior unit on the ventral side of the foot. The nervous system consists of a dorsal brain and a pair of ventral longitudinal nerves. A gut is absent. A pair of protonephridia, each with a single multiciliated terminal cell and at least one duct cell, is present. Nephridiopores are not localized. A pair of corsal ciliated organs is posterior to the brain. The homology between these and the apical organ of a trochophore larva is discussed. A distinctive longitudinal rod, the chordoid organ, consists of vacuolized cells with circular myofilaments. The organ is comparable to a similar structure in gastrotrichs. In the discussion of the phylogenetic position of Cycliophora among protostomians, important morphological observations that are described in the present study indicate that, despite some dissimilarities, the chordoid larva is a modified trochophore. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

References

Sep 1, 1971·Journal of Ultrastructure Research·M R Kalt, B Tandler
Jan 1, 1968·Zeitschrift für Zellforschung und mikroskopische Anatomie·U Welsch
Dec 22, 1982·Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character·T C Lacalli

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Citations

Apr 17, 2012·Journal of Morphology·Ricardo Cardoso NevesPeter Funch
Dec 22, 2009·Journal of Morphology·Ricardo C NevesAndreas Wanninger
Dec 31, 2019·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Milena MarinkovićGáspár Jékely
Sep 13, 2014·Science·Antonella LauriDetlev Arendt
Jul 15, 2015·BioEssays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology·Thibaut BrunetDetlev Arendt
Jan 10, 2003·Journal of Morphology·Matthias Obst, Peter Funch
Jan 15, 2008·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Gonzalo Giribet
Dec 1, 1998·Journal of Morphology·Andreas Schmidt-RhaesaJames R Garey

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