The cochlea in skull base surgery: an anatomy study

Journal of Neurosurgery
Jian WangAlbert L Rhoton

Abstract

OBJECTIVE The object of this study was to examine the relationships of the cochlea as a guide for avoiding both cochlear damage with loss of hearing in middle fossa approaches and injury to adjacent structures in approaches directed through the cochlea. METHODS Twenty adult cadaveric middle fossae were examined using magnifications of ×3 to ×40. RESULTS The cochlea sits below the floor of the middle fossa in the area between and below the labyrinthine segment of the facial nerve and greater petrosal nerve (GPN) and adjacent to the lateral genu of the petrous carotid. Approximately one-third of the cochlea extends below the medial edge of the labyrinthine segment of the facial nerve, geniculate ganglion, and proximal part of the GPN. The medial part of the basal and middle turns are the parts at greatest risk in drilling the floor of the middle fossa to expose the nerves in middle fossa approaches to the internal acoustic meatus and in anterior petrosectomy approaches. Resection of the cochlea is used selectively in extending approaches through the mastoid toward the lateral edge of the clivus and front of the brainstem. CONCLUSIONS An understanding of the location and relationships of the cochlea will reduce the likelihood of c...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 4, 2016·World Neurosurgery·Xiaoming GuoArnau Benet
Jul 20, 2020·Clinical Anatomy : Official Journal of the American Association of Clinical Anatomists & the British Association of Clinical Anatomists·Seung H YangAlbert Rhoton
Jul 20, 2019·Operative Neurosurgery·Eduard H VoormolenJan Willem Berkelbach van der Sprenkel

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