The Complexities of Evaluating the Exposome in Psychiatry: A Data-Driven Illustration of Challenges and Some Propositions for Amendments

Schizophrenia Bulletin
Sinan GuloksuzEuropean Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene-Environment Interactions Work Package 6 (EU-GEI WP6) Group

Abstract

Identifying modifiable factors through environmental research may improve mental health outcomes. However, several challenges need to be addressed to optimize the chances of success. By analyzing the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2 data, we provide a data-driven illustration of how closely connected the exposures and the mental health outcomes are and how model and variable specifications produce "vibration of effects" (variation of results under multiple different model specifications). Interdependence of exposures is the rule rather than the exception. Therefore, exposure-wide systematic approaches are needed to separate genuine strong signals from selective reporting and dissect sources of heterogeneity. Pre-registration of protocols and analytical plans is still uncommon in environmental research. Different studies often present very different models, including different variables, despite examining the same outcome, even if consistent sets of variables and definitions are available. For datasets that are already collected (and often already analyzed), the exploratory nature of the work should be disclosed. Exploratory analysis should be separated from prospective confirmatory research with truly pre-...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 20, 2019·Psychological Medicine·Evangelos VassosCraig Morgan
Feb 29, 2020·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Jonathan A HollanderChristine Ladd-Acosta
May 7, 2019·World Psychiatry : Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA)·Sinan GuloksuzJim van Os
Aug 21, 2019·PLoS Biology·John P A Ioannidis
Jun 27, 2019·American Journal of Public Health·Kathleen Ries Merikangas, Alison K Merikangas
Nov 21, 2020·Schizophrenia Bulletin·Lotta-Katrin PriesSinan Guloksuz
Jan 13, 2021·World Psychiatry : Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA)·Mario MajJoseph Ventura
Feb 6, 2020·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Angelo PicardiAntonella Gigantesco
Mar 20, 2021·European Psychiatry : the Journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists·Gamze ErzinSinan Guloksuz
May 6, 2021·Schizophrenia Bulletin·Carla BurkhardSinan Guloksuz
Feb 6, 2021·Annual Review of Clinical Psychology·Vincent PaquinSuzanne King
Jun 15, 2021·Frontiers in Psychiatry·Lotta-Katrin PriesSinan Guloksuz
Aug 24, 2021·Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry·Stirling T ArgabrightRan Barzilay

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