The complexity of 'harm reduction' with smokeless tobacco as an approach to tobacco control in low-income and middle-income countries

Tobacco Control
O A Ayo-Yusuf, David M Burns

Abstract

To review the implications of recommending smokeless tobacco (ST) use as a harm reduction approach for low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Narrative review of published papers and other data sources (including conference abstracts and internet-based information) on the health risks posed by the use of ST products for individual smokers and for the population with a focus on their implications for LMICs. Swedish snus has a relatively lower toxicity profile than ST products available in other markets, including older products used in the US and products used in Africa and Asia. The experience with snus in Sweden provides information on the effects of snus use in a population where cigarette smoking was already culturally ingrained. However, population effects are likely to be different in those LMICs where smoking is not yet the dominant culturally accepted form of tobacco use. The total effect may be negative in countries where locally-popular ST products have substantially higher disease risks than Swedish snus and where there is limited regulatory and tobacco use surveillance capacity. Issues relating to how populations in LMICs respond to marketing efforts, the risks of the dual use of ST and smoking, and the capa...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 21, 2014·Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice·O A Ayo-Yusuf, B G Olutola
Dec 11, 2013·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Olalekan A Ayo-YusufBukola G Olutola
Jan 20, 2016·Annals of the American Thoracic Society·Smita PakhaleUNKNOWN American Thoracic Society Tobacco Action Committee
Jul 15, 2015·Addictive Behaviors·Annette R KaufmanWilliam M P Klein
Mar 22, 2016·The Indian Journal of Medical Research·Sonali Jhanjee
Apr 10, 2014·European Addiction Research·David J NuttDavid Sweanor
Dec 28, 2017·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Rizwan Abdulkader SuliankatchiDeneshkumar Venugopal
Aug 2, 2018·Tobacco Control·Ghazi S Zaatari, Asma Bazzi
Apr 23, 2017·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Eoghan M SmythAmy R Sapkota
Nov 12, 2019·Frontiers in Microbiology·Eoghan M SmythEmmanuel F Mongodin

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.