The concept of cycloid psychoses. Developments, clinical significance and the state of research

Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie
B Pfuhlmann

Abstract

Karl Leonhard developed the concept of cycloid psychoses by further elaborating previous findings of Carl Wernicke and Karl Kleist. A phasic alternating and recurrent as well as remittent course without residual states and a bipolar and polymorphous symptomatology are main features of cycloid psychoses. The symptom constellations are typical in a manner that, in most cases, allows establishing a diagnosis solely by carefully examining a cross-section of the clinical syndromes. 3 sub-forms are differentiated. Anxiety-happiness psychosis is characterised by extreme affective alterations with paranoid anxiety on the one hand and ecstasy with feelings of elation on the other. Formal thought disorder with incoherence, mainly as "incoherence of thematic choice", on the excited pole and perplexedness on the inhibited pole are the central elements of confusion psychosis. Motility psychosis shows hyperkinesis or akinesis of a purely psychomotor nature affecting predominantly expressive and reactive motions as main features. A description of Leonhard's highly operationalised diagnostic criteria for each sub-form of cycloid psychoses is followed by an account of the clinical significance of the concept of cycloid psychoses. Furthermore, i...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 2, 2007·Health Care for Women International·Helen SheinfeldTali Vishne
Jun 1, 2002·Acta Neuropsychiatrica·F M M A van der HeijdenW M A Verhoeven

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