The continuing challenges of leprosy.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews
D M ScollardD L Williams

Abstract

Leprosy is best understood as two conjoined diseases. The first is a chronic mycobacterial infection that elicits an extraordinary range of cellular immune responses in humans. The second is a peripheral neuropathy that is initiated by the infection and the accompanying immunological events. The infection is curable but not preventable, and leprosy remains a major global health problem, especially in the developing world, publicity to the contrary notwithstanding. Mycobacterium leprae remains noncultivable, and for over a century leprosy has presented major challenges in the fields of microbiology, pathology, immunology, and genetics; it continues to do so today. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of M. leprae and the host response to it, especially concerning molecular identification of M. leprae, knowledge of its genome, transcriptome, and proteome, its mechanisms of microbial resistance, and recognition of strains by variable-number tandem repeat analysis. Advances in experimental models include studies in gene knockout mice and the development of molecular techniques to explore the armadillo model. In clinical studies, notable progress has been made concerning the immunology and immunopathology of l...Continue Reading

References

Dec 18, 1976·Lancet·R R de VriesJ J van Rood
Sep 1, 1978·Leprosy Review·S R KhanolkarC V Bapat
Oct 1, 1978·Infection and Immunity·C C ShepardR van Landingham
Dec 1, 1977·Leprosy Review·T F Davey
Jan 1, 1977·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·G A FiliceD W Fraser
Feb 1, 1978·Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology·F P QuismorioG J Friou
Nov 1, 1992·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·R H GelberM Tsang
Dec 1, 1992·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·P FialloT P Gillis
Apr 1, 1992·Infection and Immunity·P F BarnesR L Modlin
Sep 1, 1991·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·K UyemuraR L Modlin
Sep 1, 1991·Leprosy Review·L J YoderR C Hastings
Jan 1, 1992·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·V MehraP J Brennan
Feb 1, 1992·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·L ShiA H Greenberg
Sep 1, 1991·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·J B HaanenH Spits
May 1, 1991·Journal of Dermatological Science·M FujitaS Imamura
Sep 1, 1991·Infection and Immunity·N RamaseshJ L Krahenbuhl
Mar 1, 1991·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·E P SampaioG Kaplan
Apr 1, 1991·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·G KaplanJ Barker
Jun 1, 1991·Epidemiology and Infection·R W TrumanR C Hastings
May 1, 1991·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·M Y de WitR A Hartskeerl
Oct 1, 1990·Molecular Microbiology·S A Woods, S T Cole
Feb 1, 1990·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·S G Franzblau, K E White
Jul 1, 1990·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·D L WilliamsJ D Watson
Jun 1, 1990·Molecular and Cellular Probes·C HackelA Bollen
Sep 1, 1990·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·B B PlikaytisT M Shinnick

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Feb 6, 2013·Clinical Rheumatology·Guanqun ChaoChongrong Lu
May 12, 2009·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·P-Y BochudG Kaplan
Nov 15, 2011·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·L H SampaioM S Duthie
Dec 27, 2008·Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine·N G UrlyapovaV A Makarov
Jun 1, 2012·International Health·Diana N Lockwood, Paul R Saunderson
Jun 22, 2012·Lab Animal
Nov 26, 2009·Nature Genetics·Martin C J Maiden
Oct 21, 2011·The New England Journal of Medicine·Madhuri M SopiralaLeona W Ayers
Apr 29, 2011·The New England Journal of Medicine·Richard W TrumanStewart T Cole
Jan 5, 2007·The New England Journal of Medicine·Florence FenollarDidier Raoult
Aug 27, 2010·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Victor Túlio Ribeiro-ResendeFlávio Alves Lara
Jun 17, 2006·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·D M ScollardT P Gillis
Dec 5, 2006·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Brigitte RanqueAlexandre Alcaïs
Jan 8, 2008·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Pierre-Yves BochudAlan Aderem
Mar 31, 2010·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·William Richard BerringtonThomas Richard Hawn
Jul 14, 2011·Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers·Degang YangBin Pei
Oct 11, 2011·Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research : the Official Journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research·Claudia MancaGilla Kaplan
Mar 31, 2012·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Ana Lucia M SousaMariane M A Stefani
Jul 20, 2010·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·Jean-Christophe LagierDidier Raoult
Jan 16, 2010·The American Journal of Dermatopathology·Cesare MassoneLorenzo Cerroni
Feb 25, 2009·The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal·Katherine KingHeidi Schwarzwald
May 14, 2008·Southern Medical Journal·John M AbideLaFarra Young
Sep 24, 2011·Southern Medical Journal·Mara M DacsoJohn F Prestigiacomo
Dec 12, 2007·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Stéphanie MatratAlexandra Aubry
Feb 28, 2007·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Stéphanie MatratAlexandra Aubry
Nov 1, 2011·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Christopher R J AgnewR Leo Brady
Nov 23, 2011·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Kazumasa YokoyamaYasuhiko Suzuki
Apr 22, 2011·Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI·David M ScollardDiana L Williams
Oct 21, 2009·Infection and Immunity·Daniel SinsimerClaudia Manca
Dec 2, 2010·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR·Elizabeth A MischThomas R Hawn
Jul 20, 2012·The American Journal of Chinese Medicine·Mohammed S Al-Dosari
Jan 6, 2012·Journal of Tropical Medicine·Ernesto Prado Montes de Oca
Dec 5, 2012·Journal of Pathogens·Ayssar A ElaminMahavir Singh
Jan 29, 2011·BMC Infectious Diseases·Lucas H SampaioMalcolm S Duthie
Dec 15, 2011·BMC Infectious Diseases·Luciana Silva RodriguesMaria Cristina Vidal Pessolani
Jan 29, 2013·BMC Infectious Diseases·Silvana M AlbanVanete Thomaz Soccol
May 29, 2009·BMC Infectious Diseases·Mariane M StefaniDavid M Scollard
Dec 12, 2012·Disease Models & Mechanisms·Rahul SharmaRichard W Truman
Jul 23, 2013·PLoS Genetics·Marianna OrlovaErwin Schurr

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Antimicrobial Resistance (ASM)

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to the continued successful use of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Antimicrobial Resistance

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to the continued successful use of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial infections.