The continuum of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in four rural communities in South Africa: Prevalence and characteristics

Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Philip A MayH Eugene Hoyme

Abstract

Prevalence and characteristics of the continuum of diagnoses within fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) were researched in previously unstudied rural, agricultural, lower socioeconomic populations in South Africa (ZA). Using an active case ascertainment approach among first grade learners, 1354 (72.6%) were consented into the study via: height, weight, and/or head circumference ≤ 25th centile and/or random selection as normal control candidates. Final diagnoses were made following: examination by pediatric dysmorphologists/geneticists, cognitive/behavioral testing, and maternal risk factor interviews. FASD children were significantly growth deficient and dysmorphic: physical measurements, cardinal facial features of FAS, and total dysmorphology scores clearly differentiated diagnostic categories from severe to mild to normal in a consistent, linear fashion. Neurodevelopmental delays were also significantly worse for each of the FASD diagnostic categories, although not as consistently linear across groups. Alcohol use is well documented as the proximal maternal risk factor for each diagnostic group. Significant distal maternal risk factors in this population are: low body weight, body mass, education, and income; and high gr...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 27, 2016·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Solja NiemeläHeljä-Marja Surcel
Jan 27, 2017·Current Opinion in Psychiatry·Colleen M Adnams
Nov 23, 2017·Metabolic Brain Disease·Oladiran I OlatejuPaul R Manger
Oct 5, 2017·Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire·S LongstaffeT Brown
Oct 4, 2018·Alcohol and Alcoholism : International Journal of the Medical Council on Alcoholism·Moritz Blanck-LubarschAriane Hohoff
Apr 16, 2020·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Philip A MayH Eugene Hoyme
Apr 16, 2020·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Philip A MayH Eugene Hoyme
Apr 16, 2020·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Philip A MayH Eugene Hoyme
Jul 18, 2020·American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part a·Diego A GomezOmar A Abdul-Rahman
Jul 5, 2017·Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience·Elissa L WongAnia K Majewska
Jan 17, 2019·European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry·Cheryl McQuireS Paranjothy
Oct 5, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Philip A MayCharles D H Parry
Jan 9, 2019·Frontiers in Neurology·Sivenesi SubramoneyKirsten A Donald
Jul 11, 2020·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders·Lisa M Whittingham, Kelly D Coons-Harding
Mar 20, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Babatope O AdebiyiAnna-Marie Beytell
Nov 22, 2020·Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies·Keryn MooreYolandi Brink
Aug 4, 2021·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Julie M HaskenPhilip A May
Nov 21, 2019·Pediatrics·Wendy O KalbergH Eugene Hoyme
Sep 1, 2016·Pediatrics·Cheryl McQuireAlison Kemp

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