The contribution of a cognitive bias against disconfirmatory evidence (BADE) to delusions in schizophrenia

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
Todd S WoodwardJennifer C Whitman

Abstract

A neuropsychological paradigm is introduced that provides a measure of a bias against disconfirmatory evidence (BADE), and its correspondence with delusions in people with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder was investigated. Fifty-two patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (36 were acutely delusional) and 24 healthy control participants were presented with delusion-neutral pictures in each trial, and were asked to rate the plausibility of four written interpretations of the scenario depicted by that picture. Subsequently, new pictures that provided background information about the depicted scenario were successively presented, and participants were requested to adjust their ratings, taking into account this new information. Two of the interpretations appeared tenable initially but ultimately proved to be implausible, one appeared untenable initially but eventually proved to be plausible, and one appeared untenable at all stages. A BADE was observed for delusional compared to non-delusional patients, as well as for all patients compared to controls. In addition, regardless of symptom profile, patients were more accepting of implausible interpretations than controls. The present work suggests th...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 1, 2006·Current Psychiatry Reports·Steffen Moritz, Todd S Woodward
Jul 26, 2008·Current Psychiatry Reports·Mona Abdel-Hamid, Martin Brüne
Jan 22, 2008·Psychological Medicine·S MoritzR Klinge
Mar 13, 2012·Psychological Medicine·G BarbalatS-J Blakemore
Mar 26, 2013·Psychological Medicine·D W JoyceS S Shergill
Feb 24, 2006·Journal of Abnormal Psychology·Steffen Moritz, Todd S Woodward
Aug 11, 2007·Cognitive Neuropsychiatry·Steffen Moritz, Anna Laudan
Nov 6, 2007·Cognitive Neuropsychiatry·Todd S WoodwardJennifer C Whitman
May 20, 2008·Cognitive Neuropsychiatry·Todd S WoodwardRuth Klinge
Feb 11, 2010·Cognitive Neuropsychiatry·Steffen MoritzTania M Lincoln
Jan 29, 2011·Cognitive Neuropsychiatry·Ruth VeckenstedtSteffen Moritz
Jul 5, 2012·Cognitive Neuropsychiatry·Mahesh MenonAlbert Hung Choy Wong
Sep 6, 2012·Cognitive Neuropsychiatry·Jennifer C WhitmanTodd S Woodward
Aug 19, 2006·Schizophrenia Bulletin·Shannon M CoutureDavid L Roberts
Apr 27, 2012·PloS One·Mariia KaliuzhnaJean-Baptiste Van der Henst
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Jul 19, 2006·Neuropsychology·Todd S WoodwardD Stephen Lindsay

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