The correlation of morphological and thrombotic villous arterial lesions with fetal Doppler echocardiographic measurements in the placentas of low-risk term pregnancies

European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology
Katsuyuki SekiiHiroaki Itoh

Abstract

Few studies have correlated the placental vasculature with fetal cardiac function other than umbilical artery Doppler assessment in low-risk pregnancies. We assessed the contribution of the placental vasculature to fetal echocardiographic parameters using histopathological and morphometric analyses of placental resistance arteries. Thirty-four low-risk singleton term pregnancies were assessed, including 24 thrombosis-negative cases (no/minimal gross and histological placental abnormalities) and 10 thrombosis-positive cases (histologically identified chorionic plate/stem vessel thrombosis). Fetal ventricular Doppler inflow velocities (E and A waves) and myocardial systolic (S'), early (E'), and late diastolic (A') tissue Doppler velocities were measured within three days before birth. The myocardial performance index (MPI') was calculated. Morphometric variables of placental stem villi arterioles (external diameter 10-150 μm) were examined, including the mean arteriolar density, total cross-sectional lumen area, and wall area/total vessel area (WA/TVA) ratio. The thrombosis-positive group had a higher umbilical artery pulsatility index and a lower tricuspid E'/A' ratio compared to the thrombosis-negative group. The WA/TVA ratio ...Continue Reading

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