The COVID-19 pandemic and health inequalities.

Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
Clare L BambraFiona Matthews

Abstract

This essay examines the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for health inequalities. It outlines historical and contemporary evidence of inequalities in pandemics-drawing on international research into the Spanish influenza pandemic of 1918, the H1N1 outbreak of 2009 and the emerging international estimates of socio-economic, ethnic and geographical inequalities in COVID-19 infection and mortality rates. It then examines how these inequalities in COVID-19 are related to existing inequalities in chronic diseases and the social determinants of health, arguing that we are experiencing a syndemic pandemic It then explores the potential consequences for health inequalities of the lockdown measures implemented internationally as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the likely unequal impacts of the economic crisis. The essay concludes by reflecting on the longer-term public health policy responses needed to ensure that the COVID-19 pandemic does not increase health inequalities for future generations.

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Citations

Aug 11, 2020·Journal of Public Health·Jose Miguel Baena-DíezMaría Grau
Aug 8, 2020·Journal of Travel Medicine·Paulo Ricardo Martins-FilhoVictor Santana Santos
Oct 4, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Ingrid StegemanCaroline Costongs
Aug 30, 2020·Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine·Ângela FreitasPaula Santana
Sep 6, 2020·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Veena S Raleigh
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Oct 11, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Lou AtkinsonDebbie M Smith
Jan 10, 2021·Emergency Radiology·Camara SharpersonJamlik-Omari Johnson
Jan 27, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Hee Sook Kim, Sang Jun Eun
Jan 29, 2021·Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz·Morten WahrendorfNico Dragano
Feb 7, 2021·BMC Public Health·Kristie C WaterfieldOsaremhen Ikhile
Nov 6, 2020·Biomédica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud·Álvaro J IdrovoCarlos E Pinzón-Flórez
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Feb 10, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Abiodun O OluyomiChris Amos
Feb 12, 2021·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Theresa M MarteauMichael Marmot
Nov 21, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Claudia CostaPaula Santana
Jan 6, 2021·Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne De Santé Publique·Melissa Pirrie, Gina Agarwal
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Mar 7, 2021·Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health·Myriam Patricia CifuentesJulián Alfredo Fernández-Niño
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Apr 4, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Mari Carmen Bernal-SorianoLucy Anne Parker
Apr 4, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Myriam Khlat, Sophie Le Coeur

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