The Cultural Boundaries of Perspective-Taking: When and Why Perspective-Taking Reduces Stereotyping

Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin
Cynthia S WangAngela K-Y Leung

Abstract

Research conducted in Western cultures indicates that perspective-taking is an effective social strategy for reducing stereotyping. The current article explores whether and why the effects of perspective-taking on stereotyping differ across cultures. Studies 1 and 2 established that perspective-taking reduces stereotyping in Western but not in East Asian cultures. Using a socioecological framework, Studies 2 and 3 found that relational mobility, that is, the extent to which individuals' social environments provide them opportunities to choose new relationships and terminate old ones, explained our effect: Perspective-taking was negatively associated with stereotyping in relationally mobile (Western) but not in relationally stable (East Asian) environments. Finally, Study 4 examined the proximal psychological mechanism underlying the socioecological effect: Individuals in relationally mobile environments are more motivated to develop new relationships than those in relationally stable environments. Subsequently, when this motivation is high, perspective-taking increases self-target group overlap, which then decreases stereotyping.

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Citations

Jun 2, 2018·Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin·Jennifer A WhitsonBrian D Webster
Jun 5, 2021·Nature Communications·Justin P BrienzaMelody M Chao
Jun 23, 2021·Cognition·Ryan J HutchingsAndrew R Todd

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