The current state and future directions of skeletal toxicology: Forensic and humanitarian implications of a proposed model for the in vivo incorporation of drugs into the human skeleton

Forensic Science International : Synergy
Katie M Rubin

Abstract

At present, the inability to meaningfully and reliably conduct toxicological testing on human skeletal material represents a significant gap in forensic practice, especially in a time when the U.S. has declared opioid use a public health emergency and chemical weapon use in both mass and isolated attacks is prevalent in international news. In recent years, an increasing number of case studies and experiments have been published in an attempt to fill this knowledge gap. These papers are reviewed, and their valuable and pertinent findings discussed. However, the lack of an established model for the incorporation of drugs of forensic interest into bone has limited interpretation of results and delayed adoption of skeletal toxicology methods into accepted forensic practice. A model for the in vivo incorporation of drugs of forensic interest into bone tissue is proposed herein. This model is derived from known pathways for in vivo incorporation of compounds and analytes not of traditional forensic interest into bone tissue and is based on principles of ionic exchange, adsorption, and substitution. Testing and understanding these pathways may better guide skeletal toxicological experimentation, resulting in methods more tailored to h...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 28, 2020·Journal of Analytical Toxicology·Katie M RubinTimothy J Garrett
May 27, 2020·Journal of Analytical Toxicology·Rosanna ManciniMaria Rotolo
Oct 8, 2020·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Leslie QuadeRebecca Gowland
Jan 3, 2021·International Journal of Legal Medicine·Gaia GiordanoDomenico Di Candia
Mar 9, 2020·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Michiel VandenboschEva Cuypers
Jan 2, 2021·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Wing-Sum ChanBobbie Kwok-Keung Cheung
May 24, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Kazım KöseLokman Uzun

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