The detection and characterization of a nontransiting planet by transit timing variations

Science
David NesvornýAllan R Schmitt

Abstract

The Kepler mission is monitoring the brightness of ~150,000 stars, searching for evidence of planetary transits. As part of the Hunt for Exomoons with Kepler (HEK) project, we report a planetary system with two confirmed planets and one candidate planet discovered with the publicly available data for KOI-872. Planet b transits the host star with a period P(b) = 33.6 days and exhibits large transit timing variations indicative of a perturber. Dynamical modeling uniquely detects an outer nontransiting planet c near the 5:3 resonance (P(c) = 57.0 days) with a mass 0.37 times that of Jupiter. Transits of a third planetary candidate are also found: a 1.7-Earth radius super-Earth with a 6.8-day period. Our analysis indicates a system with nearly coplanar and circular orbits, reminiscent of the orderly arrangement within the solar system.

References

Dec 14, 1999·The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine·S R Pirie-Shepherd
Feb 26, 2005·Science·Matthew J Holman, Norman W Murray

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Citations

Mar 30, 2013·Astrobiology·Darren M Williams
May 15, 2012·Science·Norman W Murray
Sep 19, 2014·Nature·Jack J LissauerScott Tremaine
Apr 30, 2014·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Eric B Ford
Aug 26, 2014·Astrobiology·René HellerJorge I Zuluaga
Jun 11, 2014·Reports on Progress in Physics·Z E Musielak, B Quarles
Feb 11, 2016·Reports on Progress in Physics·William J Borucki

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