The detection of bacteria and bacterial biofilms in punctal plug holes

Cornea
J SugitaS Kinoshita

Abstract

An investigation into bacterial biofilm formation on and in punctal plugs. The study involved 21 patients with severe dry eye whose puncta were occluded by the use of punctal plugs. Of these, 15 had Sjögren's syndrome, 3 had non-Sjögren's syndrome, 2 had Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and 1 had graft-versus-host disease. From 17 of the 21 subjects, 18 samples of material were extracted from the holes of the punctal plugs (16 unilateral and 1 bilateral) and were subjected to enrichment culture. Nineteen punctal plugs were removed and processed for electron microscopy: 15 by scanning electron microscopy, and 4 by transmission electron microscopy. Positive cultures were found in 8 of 18 (44%) samples of the material extracted from the holes of punctal plugs. In six of these eight cases (75%) the cultured bacterial species was Staphylococcus epidermidis, whereas in the other two cases (25%) it was S. aureus. In 8 of the 15 punctal plugs examined by scanning electron microscopy and in the material extracted from 1 plug that was examined by transmission electron microscopy, there was clear evidence of bacterial colonization. Careful observation of patients with punctal plugs is important. If material accumulates in or on a punctal plug, i...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 1991·Ophthalmology·S P HollandJ W Costerton
Jul 1, 1991·Archives of Ophthalmology·C C Nelson
Jul 1, 1989·Archives of Ophthalmology·L J Maguire, G B Bartley
Aug 1, 1989·Archives of Ophthalmology·J E Levenson
Jan 1, 1987·Annual Review of Microbiology·J W CostertonT J Marrie
May 1, 1986·Arthritis and Rheumatism·R I FoxF V Howell
Feb 1, 1986·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·D V SealN J Goulding
Sep 1, 1995·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·F Stapleton, J Dart
Jan 1, 1995·Eye·M J ElderJ K Dart
May 1, 1996·Survey of Ophthalmology·J Murube, E Murube
Apr 29, 1998·Otolaryngology--head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery·J F BiedlingmaierP Whelan
Aug 28, 1998·Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery·V TannerD J Ferguson
Mar 24, 1999·Archives of Ophthalmology·E J Cohen
Oct 18, 2000·Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology·N YokoiS Kinoshita

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 23, 2006·Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie·Marius ScheepersMichel Michaelides
Feb 24, 2012·Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology·Yang Hao YungKazuo Tsubota
Jan 12, 2007·The Ocular Surface·Stephanie A Baxter, Peter R Laibson
Oct 30, 2010·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Eric C WuRobert M Q Shanks
Oct 25, 2003·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Julie A WuJohn F Kokai-Kun
Aug 5, 2010·Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Kami ParsaJohn W Costerton
Jul 25, 2013·Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·David B SamimiThomas E Johnson
Mar 26, 2015·Pathogens·Paulo J M BispoMichael S Gilmore
Jul 16, 2005·Seminars in Ophthalmology·Gerd Geerling, Maria Borrelli
Jan 26, 2007·The Ocular Surface·Sonal S TuliDonald M Downer
Jul 17, 2007·American Journal of Ophthalmology·Jutta Horwath-WinterIngrid Boldin
Aug 2, 2008·American Journal of Ophthalmology·Yuichi HoriYasuo Tano
Sep 3, 2004·Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery·James C H PanMary M L Ng
Dec 26, 2006·American Journal of Ophthalmology·Khalid F Tabbara
Sep 9, 2008·American Journal of Ophthalmology·Minako KaidoKazuo Tsubota
Jan 11, 2018·Pathogens·Richard J O'Callaghan
Aug 14, 2018·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·Eldad AdlerRichard Forster
Sep 18, 2020·Current Eye Research·Armando R CaballeroMary Marquart
Jan 19, 2019·Materials·Michael HadjiargyrouHenry D Perry

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Biofilms

Biofilms are adherent bacterial communities embedded in a polymer matrix and can cause persistent human infections that are highly resistant to antibiotics. Discover the latest research on Biofilms here.

CRISPR & Staphylococcus

CRISPR-Cas system enables the editing of genes to create or correct mutations. Staphylococci are associated with life-threatening infections in hospitals, as well as the community. Here is the latest research on how CRISPR-Cas system can be used for treatment of Staphylococcal infections.

Biofilm & Infectious Disease

Biofilm formation is a key virulence factor for a wide range of microorganisms that cause chronic infections.Here is the latest research on biofilm and infectious diseases.

Blood And Marrow Transplantation

The use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or blood and marrow transplantation (bmt) is on the increase worldwide. BMT is used to replace damaged or destroyed bone marrow with healthy bone marrow stem cells. Here is the latest research on bone and marrow transplantation.