The developmental emergence of direct reciprocity and its influence on prosocial behavior

Current Opinion in Psychology
Kristin L Leimgruber

Abstract

Humans are a remarkably cooperative species, and one behavior thought to play an important role is that of reciprocal altruism. By ensuring that the immediate costs associated with performing a prosocial action will be recouped in the long-run, reciprocal interactions support the emergence and maintenance of group-level cooperation. Existing developmental research suggests that a tendency toward selective prosocial behavior and an understanding of direct reciprocal interactions emerge in early childhood, but much less is known about the interplay between these two behaviors. In this paper, I review the existing literature supporting the notion that reciprocity mediates early prosocial tendencies and suggest that a greater understanding of the psychological mechanisms underlying reciprocity is needed. Finally, I propose two social cognitive capacities related to prospection that I believe may help to shed light on the psychology of strategic reciprocal interactions and their role in prosocial behavior more broadly.

Citations

Aug 30, 2018·Evolutionary Psychology : an International Journal of Evolutionary Approaches to Psychology and Behavior·Hui Jing Lu, Lei Chang
Jul 25, 2019·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Alexandra G RosatiFelix Warneken
Sep 7, 2018·Personality Neuroscience·Oriel FeldmanHallJoseph Heffner
Dec 9, 2020·The Journal of Psychology·Xinyuan FuYu Kou
Jan 19, 2021·Infant Behavior & Development·Gabrielle McHarg, Claire Hughes
Aug 31, 2021·Royal Society Open Science·Joshua ZoncaAlessandra Sciutti

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