The dice of fate: the csd gene and how its allelic composition regulates sexual development in the honey bee, Apis mellifera

BioEssays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
Martin Beye

Abstract

Perhaps 20% of known animal species are haplodiploid: unfertilized haploid eggs develop into males and fertilized diploid eggs into females. Sex determination in such haplodiploid species does not rely on a difference in heteromorphic sex chromosome composition but the genetic basis has been elucidated in some hymenopteran insects (wasps, sawflies, ants, bees). In these species, the development into one sex or the others depends on an initial signal whether there is only one allele or two different alleles of a single gene, the complementary sex determiner (csd), in the zygotic genome. The gene has been most-recently identified in the honey bee and has been found to encode an arginine serine-rich (SR) type protein. Heterozygosity generates an active protein that initiates female development while hemizygosity/homozygosity results in a non-active CSD protein and default male development. I will discuss plausible models of how the molecular decision of male and female is made and implemented. Comparison to hierarchies of dipteran insects suggests that SR-type protein has facilitated the differentiation of sex-determining systems and hierarchies.

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Citations

Jun 26, 2008·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Kenneth G Ross, D Dewayne Shoemaker
Mar 8, 2013·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Eyal PrivmanLaurent Keller
Sep 7, 2007·Annual Review of Entomology·George E Heimpel, Jetske G de Boer
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Jul 7, 2005·Genetics·Attilio PaneCatello Polito
Dec 21, 2006·Genetics·Albert KampingJohn H Werren
Oct 1, 2009·Genetics and Molecular Biology·Thais ColletMarco Antônio Del Lama
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Feb 15, 2007·Insect Molecular Biology·D LagosK Komitopoulou
Sep 13, 2008·EMBO Reports·Amaury Herpin, Manfred Schartl
Nov 27, 2010·BioEssays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology·Tanja Gempe, Martin Beye
Apr 17, 2018·Insect Molecular Biology·L GuoY Zhang
Oct 10, 2019·Genome Biology and Evolution·Cyril Matthey-DoretTanja Schwander
Sep 1, 2017·Journal of Economic Entomology·Lelania Bourgeois, Lorraine Beaman

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