The differential formation of the LINC-mediated perinuclear actin cap in pluripotent and somatic cells.

PloS One
Shyam B KhatauDenis Wirtz

Abstract

The actin filament cytoskeleton mediates cell motility and adhesion in somatic cells. However, whether the function and organization of the actin network are fundamentally different in pluripotent stem cells is unknown. Here we show that while conventional actin stress fibers at the basal surface of cells are present before and after onset of differentiation of mouse (mESCs) and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), actin stress fibers of the actin cap, which wrap around the nucleus, are completely absent from undifferentiated mESCs and hESCs and their formation strongly correlates with differentiation. Similarly, the perinuclear actin cap is absent from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), while it is organized in the parental lung fibroblasts from which these hiPSCs are derived and in a wide range of human somatic cells, including lung, embryonic, and foreskin fibroblasts and endothelial cells. During differentiation, the formation of the actin cap follows the expression and proper localization of nuclear lamin A/C and associated linkers of nucleus and cytoskeleton (LINC) complexes at the nuclear envelope, which physically couple the actin cap to the apical surface of the nucleus. The differentiation of hESCs is accom...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 16, 2013·Integrative Biology : Quantitative Biosciences From Nano to Macro·Wei-Chiang ChenDenis Wirtz
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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Confocal microscopy
fluorescence microscopy
flow cytometry
FACS

Software Mentioned

Zeiss LSM Image Browser
Metamorph
Graphpad Prism
Metaporph
ImageJ NIH

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