The diminishing criterion model for metacognitive regulation of time investment

Journal of Experimental Psychology. General
Rakefet Ackerman

Abstract

According to the Discrepancy Reduction Model for metacognitive regulation, people invest time in cognitive tasks in a goal-driven manner until their metacognitive judgment, either judgment of learning (JOL) or confidence, meets their preset goal. This stopping rule should lead to judgments above the goal, regardless of invested time. However, in many tasks, time is negatively correlated with JOL and confidence, with low judgments after effortful processing. This pattern has often been explained as stemming from bottom-up fluency effects on the judgments. While accepting this explanation for simple tasks, like memorizing pairs of familiar words, the proposed Diminishing Criterion Model (DCM) challenges this explanation for complex tasks, like problem solving. Under the DCM, people indeed invest effort in a goal-driven manner. However, investing more time leads to increasing compromise on the goal, resulting in negative time-judgment correlations. Experiment 1 exposed that with word-pair memorization, negative correlations are found only with minimal fluency and difficulty variability, whereas in problem solving, they are found consistently. As predicted, manipulations of low incentives (Experiment 2) and time pressure (Experimen...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 13, 2016·Frontiers in Psychology·Valnea ŽauharDražen Domijan
Jun 20, 2017·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·Rakefet Ackerman, Valerie A Thompson
Nov 20, 2018·Human Factors·Lisa Vangsness, Michael Young
Apr 3, 2020·Psychological Research·Iman Feghhi, David A Rosenbaum
Mar 25, 2017·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Monika Undorf, Rakefet Ackerman
Jun 9, 2018·Frontiers in Psychology·Markus DomeierBernd Schäfer
Dec 13, 2019·Frontiers in Psychology·Taly Bonder, Daniel Gopher
Dec 24, 2019·Frontiers in Psychology·Kit S Double, Damian P Birney
Jul 10, 2019·Applied Ergonomics·Benoît ValéryFrédéric Dehais
Oct 8, 2021·Memory & Cognition·Megan O Kelly, Evan F Risko
May 29, 2020··Rakefet AckermanAvigdor Gal
May 25, 2018··Roee Shraga, Roee Shraga

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