The Drosophila melanogaster Apaf-1 homologue ARK is required for most, but not all, programmed cell death

The Journal of Cell Biology
Kathryn MillsS Kumar

Abstract

The Apaf-1 protein is essential for cytochrome c-mediated caspase-9 activation in the intrinsic mammalian pathway of apoptosis. Although Apaf-1 is the only known mammalian homologue of the Caenorhabditis elegans CED-4 protein, the deficiency of apaf-1 in cells or in mice results in a limited cell survival phenotype, suggesting that alternative mechanisms of caspase activation and apoptosis exist in mammals. In Drosophila melanogaster, the only Apaf-1/CED-4 homologue, ARK, is required for the activation of the caspase-9/CED-3-like caspase DRONC. Using specific mutants that are deficient for ark function, we demonstrate that ARK is essential for most programmed cell death (PCD) during D. melanogaster development, as well as for radiation-induced apoptosis. ark mutant embryos have extra cells, and tissues such as brain lobes and wing discs are enlarged. These tissues from ark mutant larvae lack detectable PCD. During metamorphosis, larval salivary gland removal was severely delayed in ark mutants. However, PCD occurred normally in the larval midgut, suggesting that ARK-independent cell death pathways also exist in D. melanogaster.

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Citations

Dec 5, 2009·Cell Death and Differentiation·Y FanA Bergmann
Nov 5, 2011·Cell Death and Differentiation·D DentonS Kumar
May 5, 2012·Cell Death and Differentiation·S VergheseM Kango-Singh
Apr 8, 2006·Cell Death and Differentiation·L Dorstyn, S Kumar
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Aug 8, 2007·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Kiwamu TakemotoMasayuki Miura
Dec 18, 2013·Nature Communications·Donna DentonSharad Kumar
Aug 13, 2008·The Journal of Cell Biology·Dimitrios CakourosSharad Kumar
Aug 8, 2007·The Journal of Cell Biology·Nichole LinkJohn M Abrams
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Dec 20, 2014·Cell Death and Differentiation·S ShaliniS Kumar
Jan 27, 2017·Annual Review of Plant Biology·Mehdi KabbageBrett Williams
Nov 4, 2006·Cell Death and Differentiation·S Kumar
Jan 25, 2018·Cell Death and Differentiation·Lorenzo GalluzziGuido Kroemer
Apr 10, 2007·Genesis : the Journal of Genetics and Development·Evgueni A SevrioukovCarrie Baker Brachmann
Nov 21, 2019·Cell Death and Differentiation·Tianqi XuSharad Kumar
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Mar 8, 2007·Journal of Cell Science·David A PrimroseEdan Foley
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Methods Mentioned

BETA
confocal microscopy
light microscopy

Software Mentioned

Olysia Bioreport

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