The effect of a nicotine patch on cigarette craving over the course of the day: results from two randomized clinical trials

Current Medical Research and Opinion
Saul Shiffman, Stuart G Ferguson

Abstract

The objective of this analysis was to assess the efficacy of a 21 mg/24-h nicotine patch for the reduction of craving throughout the waking day, compared both to placebo, and to a 15 mg/16-h patch differing pharmacokinetic profile over the day. The primary end-point was craving during the evening hours, because previous research suggested that smoking relapse was particularly likely at that time. Data were drawn from two similar randomized clinical trials among nicotine-dependent smokers who were quitting smoking: Study 1 compared the 21 mg/24-h patch to a placebo patch, while Study 2 compared the 21 mg/24-h patch to a 15 mg/16-h nicotine patch. In both studies, subjects (Study 1: n = 102; Study 2: n = 244) were prompted by an electronic diary to rate their craving multiple times per day during a 1 week baseline period, and for up to 2 weeks after quitting. For analysis, the day was divided into five blocks: morning (up to 10:59 a.m.), mid-day (11:00 a.m.-1:59 p.m.), afternoon (2:00 p.m.-4:59 p.m.), evening (5:00 p.m.-8:59 p.m.), and late night (9:00 p.m. onwards). The individual craving ratings were divided into three intervals based on time since quitting: Days 1-3, 4-7, and 8-14. The 21 mg/24-h nicotine patch resulted in sig...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 23, 2011·Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology·Daniel M BoltTimothy B Baker
Oct 13, 2009·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Yantao ZuoJodi I Huggenvik
Aug 24, 2012·Patient Related Outcome Measures·Stuart G FergusonJoseph G Gitchell
Jan 11, 2014·Psychopharmacology·Stuart G Ferguson, Saul Shiffman
Jan 26, 2016·Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment·Ivan BerlinStephen J Heishman
Jun 16, 2009·Biochemical Pharmacology·Linda P DwoskinMichael T Bardo
Jun 7, 2015·Addictive Behaviors·Irene Pericot-ValverdeRoberto Secades-Villa
May 23, 2015·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Ivan BerlinStephen J Heishman
Apr 30, 2013·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·Ivan BerlinStephen J Heishman
Mar 13, 2013·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·Elizabeth Nosen, Sheila R Woody
Oct 31, 2017·Drug and Alcohol Review·Samson W DuressoStuart G Ferguson

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