The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Oral Mucosal Blood Flow and the Absorption of Lidocaine

Anesthesia Progress
Shu TomitaHiroyoshi Kawaai

Abstract

Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a sedative and analgesic agent that acts via the alpha-2 adrenoreceptor and is associated with reduced anesthetic requirements, as well as attenuated blood pressure and heart rate in response to stressful events. A previous study reported that cat gingival blood flow was controlled via sympathetic alpha-adrenergic fibers involved in vasoconstriction. In the present study, experiment 1 focused on the relationship between the effects of DEX on alpha adrenoreceptors and vasoconstriction in the tissues of the oral cavity and compared the palatal mucosal blood flow (PMBF) in rabbits between general anesthesia with sevoflurane and sedation with DEX. We found that the PMBF was decreased by DEX presumably because of the vasoconstriction of oral mucosal vessels following alpha-2 adrenoreceptor stimulation by DEX. To assess if this vasoconstriction would allow decreased use of locally administered epinephrine during DEX infusion, experiment 2 in the present study monitored the serum lidocaine concentration in rabbits to compare the absorption of lidocaine without epinephrine during general anesthesia with sevoflurane and sedation with DEX. The depression of PMBF by DEX did not affect the absorption of lidocaine. ...Continue Reading

References

Oct 1, 1979·British Journal of Pharmacology·G M Drew, S B Whiting
Sep 1, 1979·European Journal of Pharmacology·T C SpauldingH Lal
Jan 1, 1990·Microvascular Research·H IzumiD Sanjo
Feb 1, 1990·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica·L QuintinM Ghignone
Apr 1, 1988·The Journal of the American Dental Association·L Abraham-InpijnR A Gortzak
Dec 1, 1995·Anesthesia and Analgesia·T J EbertM Muzi
Jun 1, 1997·Trends in Pharmacological Sciences·E MacDonaldM Scheinin
Mar 7, 2000·Anesthesia and Analgesia·J E HallT J Ebert
Apr 18, 2002·European Journal of Pharmacology·Michael C Koss
Jun 1, 1965·British Journal of Anaesthesia·D P BRAID, D B SCOTT
Dec 23, 2011·Anesthesia and Analgesia·Yan YinTao Zhu
Aug 21, 2013·The British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery·Hiroyoshi KawaaiShinya Yamazaki
Nov 21, 2014·BMC Research Notes·Yoshihide TeradaTakashi Matsukawa
Feb 13, 2016·Anesthesia Progress·Eri TanakaShinya Yamazaki

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 11, 2020·Stomatologii︠a︡·A S Tishchenko, A S Dobrodeev

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Adrenergic Receptors: Trafficking

Adrenergic receptor trafficking is an active physiological process where adrenergic receptors are relocated from one region of the cell to another or from one type of cell to another. Discover the latest research on adrenergic receptor trafficking here.

Birth Defects

Birth defects encompass structural and functional alterations that occur during embryonic or fetal development and are present since birth. The cause may be genetic, environmental or unknown and can result in physical and/or mental impairment. Here is the latest research on birth defects.

Related Papers

The British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
Hiroyoshi KawaaiShinya Yamazaki
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
Shoichiro SazukaTatsuya Ichinohe
Deutsche Zeitschrift für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichts-Chirurgie
F U Meyer, M Hartung
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved