The effect of direct and indirect monitoring on generosity among preschoolers

Scientific Reports
Takayuki FujiiHiroyuki Okada

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of direct and indirect monitoring on generosity among five-year-old preschoolers and to reveal the primary motivation for their generosity. Forty-two preschoolers completed one-shot dictator games in Condition 1 while being monitored by the experimenter (the direct monitoring condition). In Condition 2, an image of staring eyes was displayed on the computer monitor (the indirect monitoring condition). In Condition 3, the computer monitor showed a picture of flowers (the non-monitoring condition). The results showed that while there was no difference between the mean levels of allocation in the indirect and non-monitoring conditions, the mean level of allocation in the direct monitoring condition was significantly higher than in the non-monitoring condition. These results showed that five-year-old preschoolers concerned with being monitored by, and receiving direct responses from, others tend to be more generous.

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Citations

Apr 12, 2016·Frontiers in Psychology·Mingrui XiongZhen Zhang
Aug 19, 2015·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Julia UlberMichael Tomasello
May 4, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Toshio YamagishiYoshie Matsumoto
Jul 26, 2016·Frontiers in Psychology·Joanna SchugHiroyuki Okada
Dec 9, 2016·Scientific Reports·Takayuki FujiiHaruto Takagishi
Sep 7, 2017·Annual Review of Psychology·Felix Warneken
Nov 28, 2019·The British Journal of Developmental Psychology·Dorothea Ulrike MartinJordy Kaufman
May 3, 2018·Scientific Reports·Ayaka IkedaShoji Itakura
Jun 6, 2018·Frontiers in Psychology·Caroline KelseyAmrisha Vaish
Dec 4, 2020·Developmental Science·Wen QinGail D Heyman

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