The effect of exhalation flow on endogenous particle emission and phospholipid composition

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
Per LarssonAnna-Carin Olin

Abstract

Exhaled particles constitute a micro-sample of respiratory tract lining fluid. Inhalations from low lung volumes generate particles in small airways by the airway re-opening mechanism. Forced exhalations are assumed to generate particles in central airways by mechanisms associated with high air velocities. To increase knowledge on how and where particles are formed, different breathing manoeuvres were compared in 11 healthy volunteers. Particles in the 0.41-4.55μm diameter range were characterised and sampled. The surfactant lipid dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) was quantified by mass spectrometry. The mass of exhaled particles increased by 150% (95% CI 10-470) for the forced exhalation and by 470% (95% CI 150-1190) for the airway re-opening manoeuvre, compared to slow exhalations. DPPC weight percent concentration (wt%) in particles was 2.8wt% (95%CI 1.4-4.2) and 9.4wt% (95%CI 8.0-10.8) for the forced and the airway re-opening manoeuvres, respectively. In conclusion, forced exhalation and airway re-opening manoeuvres generate particles from different airway regions having different DPPC concentration.

References

Mar 1, 1993·The European Respiratory Journal·P H QuanjerJ C Yernault

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Citations

Dec 9, 2017·Journal of Breath Research·Göran LjungkvistAnna-Carin Olin
Feb 8, 2019·Journal of Breath Research·Michael J Oldham, Owen R Moss
Aug 14, 2018·Journal of Breath Research·Marcia SoaresSalman Siddiqui
Jan 13, 2019·Respiratory Research·B BakeA-C Olin
Oct 22, 2020·Journal of Breath Research·Dapeng ChenMichael McLoughlin
Dec 15, 2020·Tuberculosis·Benjamin PattersonRobin Wood
Aug 26, 2021·Respiratory Research·Spela KokeljAnna-Carin Olin
Jul 1, 2020·Revue des maladies respiratoires·L PlantierUNKNOWN groupes de travail 'Fonction' et 'Alvéole' de la Société de pneumologie de langue française

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