The effect of groups II and III metabotropic glutamate receptor activation on neuronal injury in a rodent model of traumatic brain injury
Abstract
The role of metabotropic glutamate receptor activation after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is not well understood. In vitro studies suggest that activation of Groups II and III metabotropic glutamate receptors may provide some degree of neuroprotection and may be potential targets for the development of therapeutic strategies. Thus, we examined the effects of Group II and Group III selective agonists on neuronal degeneration after in vivo TBI. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to lateral fluid percussion brain injury immediately followed by an intracranial injection of 2-(2',3')-dicarboxycyclopropylglycine (DCG-IV) (Group II) or (R,S)-4-phosphonophenylglycine (Group III) in the CA2 and CA3 areas of the hippocampus. DCG-IV was injected at doses of 20 fmol, 100 fmol, and 500 fmol, and (R,S)-4-phosphonophenylglycine was injected at 8 nmol, 40 nmol, and 200 nmol. Vehicle injection control groups were used for comparison with each drug group. All animals were killed 24 hours after TBI was induced. Four 50-microm brain sections were obtained from each animal and stained for degenerating neurons with the fluorochrome Fluoro-Jade. Two independent, blinded investigators counted the number of degenerating (Fluoro-Jade-positive...Continue Reading
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Brain Injury & Trauma
brain injury after impact to the head is due to both immediate mechanical effects and delayed responses of neural tissues.