The effect of head and jaw position on respiratory related motion of the genioglossus
Abstract
Head and jaw position influence upper airway patency and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the main upper airway dilator muscle, the genioglossus. However, it is not known if changes in genioglossus EMG activity translate into altered muscle movement during respiration. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of head and jaw position on dilatory motion of the genioglossus in healthy adult males during quiet breathing by measuring the displacement of the posterior tongue in 6 positions - neutral, head extension, head flexion, mouth opening and mandibular advancement. Respiratory related motion of the genioglossus was imaged using Spatial Modulation of Magnetization (SPAMM) in 12 awake male participants. Tissue displacement was quantified with harmonic phase (HARP) analysis. The genioglossus moved anteriorly beginning immediately before or during inspiration and there was greater movement in the oropharynx than in the velopharynx in all positions. Anterior displacements of the oropharyngeal tongue varied between neutral head position (0.81 ± 0.41 mm), head flexion (0.62 ± 0.45 mm), extension (0.39 ± 0.19 mm), axial rotation (0.39 ± 0.2 mm), mouth open (1.24 ± 0.72 mm) and mandibular advancement (1.08 ± 0.65 mm). An...Continue Reading
References
Evidence for reflex upper airway dilator muscle activation by sudden negative airway pressure in man
Movement of the human upper airway during inspiration with and without inspiratory resistive loading
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