The effect of organism density on bioaccumulation of contaminants from sediment in three aquatic test species: a case for standardizing to sediment organic carbon

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
J L Van GeestP K Sibley

Abstract

Laboratory methods for measuring bioaccumulation of organic contaminants from sediment into aquatic organisms continue to improve, but some aspects are still in need of standardization. From a review of published methods, we noted that the loading density of organisms was determined inconsistently and was primarily based on either sediment volume or total organic carbon (TOC). The rationale mainly expressed for standardizing to TOC was to minimize the depletion of sediment contaminants. However, even when density was standardized to TOC, the relative amount of TOC provided (i.e., ratio of TOC to organism dry weight [dw]) was highly variable. In this study, we examined the effect of organism density (standardized to sediment TOC or volume) on bioaccumulation in three freshwater organisms. The oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus, mayfly nymph Hexagenia spp., and fathead minnow Pimephales promelas were exposed for 28 days to two field-contaminated sediments that varied in concentration of PCBs and TOC. Densities tested were 50:1 and 27:1 ratios of TOC to organism dw and 140 ml sediment/g wet weight (ww) biomass, yielding low to high organism densities. Bioaccumulation in Hexagenia spp. was significantly higher at the lowest organis...Continue Reading

References

Mar 1, 1987·Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·A R Carlson, P A Kosian
Apr 28, 2006·Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management·Peter M Chapman, Janette Anderson
Aug 21, 2007·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Jing YouMichael J Lydy

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Citations

Sep 18, 2015·Environmental Pollution·Klára ŠmídováJakub Hofman
Mar 2, 2013·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Lawrence P BurkhardCarol B Grabanski
Jan 28, 2014·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Carly J NowickiDonna R Kashian
Mar 23, 2015·Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·Lawrence P BurkhardCarol B Grabanski
May 12, 2016·Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·Lawrence P BurkhardTeresa J Norberg-King
Jun 3, 2011·Trustee : the Journal for Hospital Governing Boards
Feb 11, 2011·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Jordana L Van GeestKeith R Solomon
Jul 12, 2011·Environmental Science & Technology·Jordana L Van GeestKeith R Solomon

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