The effect of reduced eyedrop size and eyelid closure on the therapeutic index of phenylephrine

American Journal of Ophthalmology
J T WhitsonR D Schoenwald

Abstract

In this study we examined the relative effects of reducing eyedrop size (from 30 microliters to 10 microliters) and eyelid closure on the ocular efficacy and systemic absorption of 10% phenylephrine. Thirteen subjects participated in a quadruple crossover study that involved dilation with a 10-microliters and a 30-microliters drop of phenylephrine with and without eyelid closure. The 10-microliters drop was just as effective for pupillary dilation as the 30-microliters drop. Eyelid closure improved dilation for both drop sizes. Both eyelid closure and reducing the drug volume decreased systemic absorption of phenylephrine as measured by plasma concentration. When used together, eyelid closure and the smaller drop size reduced plasma concentration by 45%. The therapeutic index for 10% phenylephrine appears to be improved by using a 10-microliters drop followed by eyelid closure.

References

Feb 15, 1985·American Journal of Ophthalmology·V KumarW W Choi
Mar 15, 1985·American Journal of Ophthalmology·F T Fraunfelder, S M Meyer
May 1, 1985·Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences·D S Chien, R D Schoenwald
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Citations

Sep 3, 2002·Survey of Ophthalmology·David M Maurice
Mar 5, 2004·Survey of Ophthalmology·Luc Van Santvliet, Annick Ludwig
Mar 3, 2015·Journal français d'ophtalmologie·A-L LuxE Denion
Oct 14, 2003·Eye & Contact Lens·Robert W EnzenauerR William Lambert
Aug 3, 2010·European Journal of Ophthalmology·Jaichandran VenkatakrishnanRajagopal Kannan
May 7, 2002·British Journal of Anaesthesia·F J Baldwin, A P Morley

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