The effect of replacing saturated fat with mostly n-6 polyunsaturated fat on coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Nutrition Journal
Steven Hamley

Abstract

A cornerstone of conventional dietary advice is the recommendation to replace saturated fatty acids (SFA) with mostly n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Many clinical trials aimed to test this advice and have had their results pooled in several meta-analyses. However, earlier meta-analyses did not sufficiently account for major confounding variables that were present in some of those trials. Therefore, the aim of the study was to account for the major confounding variables in the diet heart trials, and emphasise the results from those trials that most accurately test the effect of replacing SFA with mostly n-6 PUFA. Clinical trials were identified from earlier meta-analyses. Relevant trials were categorised as 'adequately controlled' or 'inadequately controlled' depending on whether there were substantial dietary or non-dietary differences between the experimental and control groups that were not related to SFA or mostly n-6 PUFA intake, then were subject to different subgroup analyses. When pooling results from only the adequately controlled trials there was no effect for major CHD events (RR = 1.06, CI = 0.86-1.31), total CHD events (RR = 1.02, CI = 0.84-1.23), CHD morta...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 1979·International Journal of Epidemiology·O TurpeinenE Paavilainen
Jan 1, 1978·Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology·J M WoodhillR B Blacket
Jul 1, 1976·Annals of Internal Medicine·E H Ahrens
Jan 1, 1989·Arteriosclerosis : an Official Journal of the American Heart Association, Inc·I D FrantzE R Brewer
Aug 1, 1969·Minnesota Medicine·S Dayton, M L Pearce
Apr 1, 1968·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·O TurpeinenP Alivirta
Mar 1, 1983·International Journal of Epidemiology·M MiettinenR Elosuo
Jul 17, 1995·International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer·H S BlackS Jaax
Jul 13, 1996·BMJ : British Medical Journal·A AscherioW C Willett
Aug 1, 1996·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·G F WattsB Lewis
Nov 1, 1996·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·P MataM de Oya
Nov 20, 1997·The New England Journal of Medicine·F B HuW C Willett
Feb 14, 1998·BMJ : British Medical Journal·M EggerG Davey Smith
Sep 10, 1998·The Journal of Nutrition·J DallongevilleP Amouyel
Feb 13, 2002·European Journal of Clinical Nutrition·M KratzU Wahrburg
Jul 18, 2002·European Journal of Clinical Nutrition·D R Boniface, M E Tefft
Nov 26, 2002·BMJ : British Medical Journal·David S WaldJoan K Morris
Mar 19, 2003·Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ·J M Kendall
Sep 6, 2003·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Julian P T HigginsDouglas G Altman
May 17, 1962·The New England Journal of Medicine·S DAYTONW J DIXON
Jun 12, 1965·British Medical Journal·G A ROSER T WILLIAMS
Mar 19, 2005·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Jennifer B KeoghPeter M Clifton
Jul 26, 2005·Archives of Disease in Childhood·A K Akobeng
Feb 10, 2006·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Barbara V HowardJane Morley Kotchen
Dec 21, 2006·Journal of the National Cancer Institute·Rowan T ChlebowskiRobert M Elashoff
Jul 12, 2007·The Canadian Journal of Cardiology·Jeremy MarcusVandana Menon
Feb 13, 2009·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Marianne U JakobsenAlberto Ascherio
Mar 3, 2009·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Orazia M GranataGiuseppe Carruba
Jul 22, 2009·PLoS Medicine·David MoherUNKNOWN PRISMA Group
Jan 15, 2010·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Patty W Siri-TarinoRonald M Krauss

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Apr 5, 2018·International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition·Elena Fattore, Elena Massa
Apr 11, 2018·Public Health Nutrition·Magdalena Makarewicz-WujecMałgorzata Kozłowska-Wojciechowska
Aug 8, 2018·Current Nutrition Reports·Victoria M Gershuni
May 31, 2019·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·Paula MosińskaRaquel Abalo
Dec 17, 2019·Nutrition Reviews·Jeffery L Heileson
Jun 10, 2020·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Francisco Gomez-DelgadoPablo Perez-Martinez
Jul 11, 2020·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Maneesha S MohanSean A Hogan
Aug 18, 2020·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Edward Archer, Bahram Arjmandi
Mar 29, 2018·Nutrients·Pavel GrasgruberMartin Sebera
Feb 13, 2019·European Journal of Epidemiology·John P A Ioannidis
Aug 7, 2019·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Ilkem Demirkesen, Behic Mert
Jun 11, 2020·Nutrients·Ramon EstruchXavier Alvarez
Jul 16, 2020·Advances in Nutrition·Jeffery L Heileson
Jan 16, 2020·Current Developments in Nutrition·David R Thomas, Ian D Hodges
Mar 1, 2018·PloS One·Sophia Rasheeqa IsmailAzizan Ali
Dec 7, 2018·Nutrients·Emmanouil KorakasVaia Lambadiari
Jan 21, 2021·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Marit Kolby ZinöckerSimon Nitter Dankel
Jan 8, 2021·Nutrition Research Reviews·Jacques Delarue
Feb 12, 2021·Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders·Camila B de Almeida-SouzaRoberto B Bazotte
Mar 12, 2021·Neurosurgical Review·Katja LøvikChristian A Helland
Jun 21, 2020·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Arne AstrupRonald M Krauss
May 3, 2021·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·Elise GryttenOttar K Nygård
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Kamila P LiputMariusz Pierzchała
Nov 17, 2018·BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health·Penny M Kris-EthertonLinda Van Horn
Aug 14, 2021·International Journal of Epidemiology·Pauli OhukainenMika Ala-Korpela
Aug 18, 2021·Food Research International·Thaís Jordânia SilvaAna Paula Badan Ribeiro
Nov 28, 2017·Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD·P M Clifton, J B Keogh

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
hormone replacement therapy

Software Mentioned

HDAT
NDHS
DART
MRCT
MCS
SDHS
ODHS
LAVAT
MeDiet
REVIEW MANAGER

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.