The Effect of Strong Purifying Selection on Genetic Diversity

Genetics
Ivana CvijovićMichael M Desai

Abstract

Purifying selection reduces genetic diversity, both at sites under direct selection and at linked neutral sites. This process, known as background selection, is thought to play an important role in shaping genomic diversity in natural populations. Yet despite its importance, the effects of background selection are not fully understood. Previous theoretical analyses of this process have taken a backward-time approach based on the structured coalescent. While they provide some insight, these methods are either limited to very small samples or are computationally prohibitive. Here, we present a new forward-time analysis of the trajectories of both neutral and deleterious mutations at a nonrecombining locus. We find that strong purifying selection leads to remarkably rich dynamics: neutral mutations can exhibit sweep-like behavior, and deleterious mutations can reach substantial frequencies even when they are guaranteed to eventually go extinct. Our analysis of these dynamics allows us to calculate analytical expressions for the full site frequency spectrum. We find that whenever background selection is strong enough to lead to a reduction in genetic diversity, it also results in substantial distortions to the site frequency spectr...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 20, 2020·Genetics·Raul TorresJeffrey Ross-Ibarra
Jul 4, 2020·Journal of Evolutionary Biology·Adrián PeláezFernando García-Arenal
Jul 15, 2020·G3 : Genes - Genomes - Genetics·Ashley T Sendell-PriceSonya M Clegg
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Jan 23, 2021·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Margarita TakouJuliette de Meaux
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Dec 1, 2021·Molecular Ecology·Sarah H D SantosDavid W Coltman
Nov 17, 2021·Molecular Ecology·Danielle RiveraMatthew K Fujita
May 25, 2021·Genome Biology and Evolution·William R ShoemakerNandita R Garud

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