PMID: 8590262Jan 1, 1995Paper

The effect of the low blink rate in rabbits on topical drug penetration

Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics
D M MAURICE

Abstract

The low rate of blinking in the rabbit as compared to the human suggests that there may be a greater contact time for drugs applied topically in the animal. However, there have been no experiments performed to examine this belief directly. A small drop containing either fluorescein or FITC Dextran was applied to the eye of a rabbit without the use of tranquilizer or anesthetic. Subsequently, the change in the fluorescence of the precorneal tear film was followed with a noninvasive fluorometer. The animal did not blink for 20-30 min. after the instillation. With either fluorophore, the tear film fluorescence remained constant after the first few minutes and fell precipitously at the first blink. Comparison with the loss kinetics in the human eye, an exponential decline with an average rate constant of 0.16 min-1, indicates that the AUC will be 3 times greater in the rabbit, and the penetration of a drug can be overestimated to the same degree from the low blink rate alone. There was a rise in the corneal fluorescence, attributable to penetration of the fluorophore, after the eye was washed at the end of the experiment. This was used to estimate the epithelial permeability which averaged 1.5 x 10(-4) cm hr for fluorescein and 1.9...Continue Reading

References

Oct 1, 1991·Experimental Eye Research·E A Macdonald, D M Maurice
Nov 1, 1987·Current Eye Research·E J de KruijfJ A Oosterhuis
Feb 1, 1965·Archives of Ophthalmology·S MISHIMA

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Citations

Apr 27, 2004·Experimental Eye Research·William Mathers
Nov 7, 2002·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Pieter Van Der BijlDavid Meyer
Sep 28, 2007·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Hiroshi ToshidaAkira Murakami
Feb 17, 2009·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Hiroshi ToshidaAkira Murakami
Dec 12, 2013·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Shellise GlogowskiMary Richardson
Oct 12, 2014·Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces·Joana F FangueiroEliana B Souto
Mar 27, 2013·Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology·Sanjay L Dholakiya, Frank A Barile
Jul 28, 2011·The Ocular Surface·Charles S TresslerMichael A Lemp
Jun 17, 1998·Experimental Eye Research·D M Maurice
Jun 17, 1998·Experimental Eye Research·D M Maurice
Jul 18, 2014·European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics·Bing LiuLinjun You
Dec 1, 2006·The Veterinary Journal·Ron OfriShabtay Dikstein
Mar 15, 2011·Therapeutic Delivery·Uday B KompellaVincent H L Lee
May 8, 1998·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·T FujiharaE Shirasawa
Mar 24, 2020·Lab on a Chip·Rodi Abdalkader, Ken-Ichiro Kamei
Oct 18, 2001·Alternatives to Laboratory Animals : ATLA·V Zuang
Jul 16, 2005·Current Eye Research·J Michael SelbachElke Lütjen-Drecoll
Jul 28, 2016·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Tomoyuki IsobeHiroyuki Kawai
Jan 11, 2020·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Lionel SebbagJonathan P Mochel
Jan 15, 2021·Advances in Colloid and Interface Science·Brunella GrassiriAndreas Bernkop-Schnürch
Feb 12, 2021·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·Moutaz Y BadrIjeoma F Uchegbu
Oct 1, 2021·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Igor A ButovichDaniel M Albert
Oct 5, 2021·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·Charles W McMonnies
Oct 15, 2021·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Noémie BonneauFrançoise Brignole-Baudouin

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