The effect of vitamin A supplementation on the intestinal immune response in Mexican children is modified by pathogen infections and diarrhea.

The Journal of Nutrition
Kurt Z LongNanda N Nanthakumar

Abstract

Vitamin A supplementation has consistently reduced infant mortality and the severity of pathogen-induced diarrhea. The mechanism by which vitamin A modulates the mucosal immune response to produce these effects remains poorly defined. To address this issue, stools collected during the summer months from 127 Mexican children 5-15 mo old enrolled in a larger, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, vitamin A supplementation trial were screened for interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and gastrointestinal pathogens. Fecal cytokine values were categorized into 3 levels (undetectable, <median, > or =median). Multinomial regression models were used to determine the probability that vitamin A-supplemented children had higher categorical values of a cytokine than children in the placebo group. Differences in categorical values were also analyzed after stratification by gastrointestinal pathogen infections and diarrheal symptoms. Overall, fecal cytokine categorical levels did not differ between children randomized to the 2 arms. Vitamin A-supplemented children infected with enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) had reduced IL-4 and IFN-gamma levels [odds ratio (OR) = 0.3, 95% CI 0.13-0.67 and OR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.14-0....Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 29, 2008·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Milena M VieiraAldo A M Lima
Feb 15, 2007·The British Journal of Nutrition·Kurt Z LongJose Ignacio Santos
Sep 30, 2014·BMC Infectious Diseases·Rebecca J M HurstKathryn J Else
Mar 11, 2017·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Aamer ImdadZulfiqar A Bhutta
May 14, 2014·Ciência & saúde coletiva·Weslla Karla Albuquerque Silva de PaulaMalaquias Batista Filho
Nov 15, 2013·Virology Journal·Kaitlin J SoyeBrian J Ward
Oct 3, 2018·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Zhendong LiGuoqiang Zhu
Apr 16, 2019·Pathogens and Global Health·María Morales-Suarez-VarelaAgustin Llopis-Gonzalez
May 22, 2007·The Journal of Nutrition·Leslie G PayneMarilyn E Scott
Apr 18, 2014·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Brechje de GierKatja Polman

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