PMID: 616320Jan 1, 1977Paper

The effectiveness of clinically useful antitumor agents as inhbitors of RNA polymerases

Cancer Biochemistry Biophysics
B T Hill

Abstract

Many clinically useful antitumor agents effective inhibitors of both the exogenous Escherichia coli DNA-dependent RNA polymerases in vitro and the endogenous polymerase in mammalian cultured cells. The drug concentrations required for this inhibition are comparable to those achievable plasma levels in man for Actinomycin D, Adriamycin, 5-Fluorouracil, ICRF 159, Melphalan, Methotrexate and Vincristine. Therefore before the mechanisms of these drugs can be fully understood inhibition of RNA synthesis and its implications in the continued survival and replication of cells must be considered. Although chemotherapeutic agents have generally been considered to exert their cytotoxic affects by directly interfering with DNA metabolism or by inhibiting enzymatic pathways in purine and pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism, these data emphasize that this is an oversimplication. Most agents have multiple effective target sites within the cell and the primary cytotoxic events responsible for their clinical effectiveness remain to be elucidated.

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.