The effects of embryonic hypoxic programming on cardiovascular function and autonomic regulation in the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) at rest and during swimming

Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology
William JoyceDane Alan Crossley

Abstract

Reptilian embryos naturally experience fluctuating oxygen levels in ovo, and developmental hypoxia has been established to have long-term impacts on cardiovascular function in vertebrates. In the present study, we investigated the impact of developmental 21% (normoxia) and 10% O2 (hypoxia) on juvenile (4-year-old) American alligator cardiovascular function in animals at rest and during swimming. In both experimental groups, combined right aortic and right subclavian blood flow approximately doubled during swimming. Carotid blood flow increased during swimming in the hypoxia-programmed animals only, and both carotid and left aortic blood flow reached higher values in swimming hypoxic-programmed animals compared to the normoxic group. However, pulmonary blood flow, which increased two to threefold during swimming (in both groups), was higher in normoxic-programmed animals at both rest and swimming. The differences between programming groups were preserved after cholinergic blockade (atropine), but reduced by adrenergic receptor antagonists (propranolol and phentolamine). Propranolol and phentolamine also blunted the incremental increases in blood flows during swimming, which was especially clear in the hypoxia-programmed animals....Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 23, 2020·The Journal of Experimental Biology·William Joyce, Tobias Wang
Jan 24, 2020·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Sarah L AldermanTodd E Gillis
Jan 22, 2021·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Simon NørgaardTobias Wang
Feb 26, 2021·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Renato FilogonioDane A Crossley
Apr 21, 2019·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology·Renato Filogonio, Dane A Crossley
Jul 6, 2021·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology·Renato FilogonioDane A Crossley

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