The effects of extended working hours on health and social well-being--a comparative analysis of four independent samples

Chronobiology International
Anna Wirtz, Friedhelm Nachreiner

Abstract

Using structural equation modeling, it can be shown that long weekly working hours and work on weekends, nights, and in shifts have detrimental effects on psychovegetative health. Employees' reported subjective work-life balance also decreases with increasing number of hours worked/week, days worked on weekends, or at nights, and with working shifts. A decrease in work-life balance in turn increases the risk of psychovegetative impairments (PVIs). Thus, long and unusual working hours increase the risk of psychovegetative health impairments both directly and indirectly, moderated by the subjective work-life balance. In fact, the indirect effects of working time on PVIs via the work-life balance seem to be stronger than the direct effects. Results of a cross-validation study of four independent and representative samples from Germany and the European Union (N > 50,000) indicate high structural stability of these results and thus an increased validity and range for generalization.

References

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Nov 7, 2006·Industrial Health·Claire C Caruso
Dec 28, 2006·Chronobiology International·Britta RaedikerFriedhelm Nachreiner
May 20, 2008·Chronobiology International·Anna WirtzFriedhelm Nachreiner
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Citations

Sep 8, 2012·American Journal of Epidemiology·Anna ArlinghausDavid C Christiani
Apr 2, 2013·Journal of Physiology, Paris·Yvan Touitou
Nov 15, 2011·Chronobiology International·Melissa Ara Jo UlhôaClaudia Moreno
May 25, 2012·Chronobiology International·Jillian Dorrian, Natalie Skinner
Sep 18, 2014·Chronobiology International·Anna Arlinghaus, Friedhelm Nachreiner
Dec 18, 2013·Social Science & Medicine·Vilde Hoff Bernstrøm
Jul 15, 2016·International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health·Jana GreubelDavid A Lombardi
Jul 28, 2016·Chronobiology International·Yvan TouitouGarance Dispersyn
Feb 28, 2015·Journal of Health and Social Behavior·Sibyl KleinerKlaus Schömann
Jan 24, 2017·Journal of Occupational Health·Hanan AlaliMagd Abdel Wahab
Aug 24, 2018·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Hanan AlaliMagd Abdel Wahab
May 5, 2011·Chronobiology International·Anna WirtzKatharina Rolfes
Aug 20, 2019·Applied Ergonomics·Corinna BraunerAlexandra Michel

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