Abstract
The galactolipids monogalactosyldiglyceride and digalactosyldiglyceride together comprise more than 77% of the photosynthetic membrane lipids of higher plant chloroplasts. We have isolated a lipase from the chloroplasts of runner beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) which is highly specific for these galactolipids. This galactolipase promotes the hydrolysis of monogalactosyldiglyceride and digalactosyldiglyceride, in the process liberating two free fatty acids into the membrane bilayer, leaving the residual galactosyl glyceride group to diffuse into the aqueous bulk phase. Isolated spinach photosynthetic membranes were treated with this enzyme preparation and changes in membrane composition were studied with thin layer chromatography (for lipids), gel electrophoresis (proteins), and freeze-etching (membrane structure). After 30 min of lipolysis, nearly 100% of the galactolipids had been converted into membrane-associated fatty acids and water-soluble galactosyl glycerides. SDS PAGE showed that two proteins, one of which is possibly associated with the reaction center of photosystem II, were removed by the treatment. Despite the minor nature of changes in membrane protein composition, freeze-fracture and freeze-etch studies showed that st...Continue Reading
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