The effects of general anesthesia on the central nervous and cardiovascular system toxicity of local anesthetics

Anesthesia and Analgesia
Susan E CopelandLaurence E Mather

Abstract

Local anesthetic toxicity is often studied experimentally in acutely prepared, anesthetized laboratory animals. We determined the influence of halothane/O(2) anesthesia on cardiovascular and central nervous system (CNS) toxic responses to six amide-type local anesthetics administered i.v.. Behavioral, cardiovascular, and pharmacokinetic responses were determined in previously instrumented ewes (approximately 45-50 kg, n = 18), on separate occasions when conscious and anesthetized, to bupivacaine (100 mg), levobupivacaine (125 mg), ropivacaine (150 mg), lidocaine (350 mg), mepivacaine (350 mg), prilocaine (350 mg), and saline (control) infused i.v. over 3 min. The local anesthetics caused convulsions in conscious sheep, but no overt CNS effects in anesthetized sheep. Negative inotropy and slight bradycardia without changes in arterial blood pressure occurred initially in conscious sheep, followed by positive inotropy, tachycardia, and hypertension at the abrupt onset of CNS excitotoxicity, along with widening of QRS complexes. Fatal cardiac arrhythmias occurred in, respectively, 3 of 11, 2 of 12, and 2 of 13 conscious sheep infused with bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, and ropivacaine; in 1 of 9 with prilocaine, electromechanical d...Continue Reading

Associated Clinical Trials

References

Jan 27, 1990·BMJ : British Medical Journal·J N MatthewsP Royston
Nov 1, 1993·British Journal of Anaesthesia·J E HeavnerP H Rosenberg
Aug 29, 2000·Anesthesia and Analgesia·D H ChangL E Mather
Feb 13, 2001·British Journal of Pharmacology·D H ChangL E Mather
Jun 8, 2001·Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods·L A Ladd, L E Mather
Nov 14, 2002·Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine·James E Heavner
Nov 14, 2002·Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine·Michael F Mulroy
Nov 14, 2002·Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine·Michael F Mulroy
Jan 7, 2005·Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine·Per H RosenbergWilliam F Urmey
Apr 12, 2005·Drugs·Chester C Buckenmaier, Lisa L Bleckner
Dec 6, 2005·Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine·Laurence E MatherLeigh A Ladd

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Feb 23, 2012·New Zealand Veterinary Journal·I Lizarraga, J P Chambers
Mar 23, 2010·Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine·John F Butterworth
Jan 31, 2012·Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine·Faraj W AbdallahRichard Brull
Oct 5, 2011·Anesthesiology Research and Practice·Sarah Ciechanowicz, Vinod Patil
Jan 1, 2010·Local and Regional Anesthesia·Emma BourneColin Royse
Apr 11, 2014·Aesthetic Plastic Surgery·Soo Hyang Lee, Won June Yoon
Aug 27, 2010·Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology·Laurence E Mather
Sep 25, 2010·Cancer Treatment Reviews·Cyrus ChargariYoulia M Kirova
Aug 26, 2009·Anesthesiology Clinics·F Wickham Kraemer, John B Rose
Jul 29, 2011·Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B·Yao-Min ZhuGui-Xia Jing
May 25, 2016·Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia·Yael Shilo-BenjaminiPeter J Pascoe
Apr 8, 2010·Anaesthesia and Intensive Care·J Holborow, G Hocking
Aug 8, 2018·American Journal of Veterinary Research·Hamzeh Soltaninejad, Nasser Vesal
Apr 1, 2016·Anaesthesia and Intensive Care·J A HeinonenE Litonius
Jan 3, 2021·Journal of Anesthesia·Hirotsugu MiyoshiYasuo M Tsutsumi
Jan 21, 2021·Daru : Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences·Barış AkgülMutay Aslan
Aug 25, 2020·Cancer radiothérapie : journal de la Société française de radiothérapie oncologique·Y KirovaC Bourgier

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia that is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly due to stroke and thromboembolism. Here is the latest research.

Arrhythmia

Arrhythmias are abnormalities in heart rhythms, which can be either too fast or too slow. They can result from abnormalities of the initiation of an impulse or impulse conduction or a combination of both. Here is the latest research on arrhythmias.

Cardiovascular Disease Pathophysiology

Cardiovascular disease involves several different processes that contribute to the pathological mechanism, including hyperglycemia, inflammation, atherosclerosis, hypertension and more. Vasculature stability plays a critical role in the development of the disease. Discover the latest research on cardiovascular disease pathophysiology here.

Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are slow heart rates. Symptoms may include syncope, dizziness, fatigure, shortness of breath, and chest pains. Find the latest research on bradyarrhythmias here.