The effects of high phenylalanine concentration on chick embryonic development

Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease
M L Kirby, S T Miyagawa

Abstract

Cells from a particular portion of the cranial neural crest (cardiac neural crest) migrate from the neural fold into pharyngeal arches 3, 4 and 6, where they provide the support for the endothelium of the aortic arch arteries, and by migration into the outflow tract become involved in septation of the truncus arteriosus. Ablation of the premigratory cardiac neural crest results in persistent truncus arteriosus and other defects reminiscent of the DiGeorge syndrome in man. Removal of a small area of the cardiac neural crest causes a spectrum of heart defects classified together as dextraposed aorta including changes like that of Fallot's tetralogy in man. Some inflow tract anomalies have also been found. Pilot studies injecting phenylalanine into developing chick embryos at a very early stage had little effect on embryo viability or on the incidence of congenital heart defects. However, sham-treated animals produced predominantly small simple ventricular septal defects but phenylalanine-treated embryos had more serious and complex heart anomalies. It is not possible to say yet that congenital heart disease in the offspring of mothers with untreated phenylketonuria is due to phenylalanine-induced damage to the neural crest, but t...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Oct 1, 1995·The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·M Legge
Jan 1, 1992·Cancer Investigation·R Y Nishimi
Jul 1, 1992·Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN·P B Acosta, L Wright
Jan 12, 2020·Birth Defects Research·Santiago CerrizuelaManuel J Aybar

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