The effects of insulin on the inflammatory activity of BV2 microglia

PloS One
Fiona BrabazonKimberly R Byrnes

Abstract

Microglia are the macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS), which function to monitor and maintain homeostasis. Microglial activation occurs after CNS injury, infection or disease. Prolonged microglial activation is detrimental to the CNS as they produce nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in neuronal cell dysfunction and death. Microglial activation is implicated in the neurological deficits following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and Alzheimer's disease. Intranasal insulin administration is a promising treatment of Alzheimer's disease and TBI. However, the exact effect of insulin on microglia is currently unclear. The goal of this study was therefore to examine the effect of insulin administration on activated microglia. The microglial cell line BV2 were exposed to a pro-inflammatory stimulus, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), followed by insulin administration. Outcome measures were conducted at 24 hours after treatment. In vitro assays quantified NO and ROS production. Western blot, immunocytochemistry and phagocytosis assay further examined the effect of insulin on microglial activity. Insulin treatment significantly reduced NO, ROS and TNFα production and increased phag...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 20, 2019·Scandinavian Journal of Immunology·Caiyun QianDaya Luo
Jan 27, 2021·CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics·Farideh IravanpourAbolhassan Ahmadiani
Oct 27, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Michael ShaughnessKimberly R Byrnes
Apr 26, 2020·Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences·Tyler J WenzelAndis Klegeris
Mar 17, 2021·Journal of Neuroendocrinology·Ismael González-GarcíaCristina García-Cáceres
Mar 26, 2021·Molecular Neurobiology·Mike Shaughness, Kimberly Byrnes
Sep 10, 2019·Journal of Current Glaucoma Practice·Muneeb A FaiqTanuj Dada
Jun 23, 2021·Journal of Neuroendocrinology·Felipe Correa-da-SilvaChun-Xia Yi
Aug 6, 2021·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Zenghui WeiSandra E Reznik

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
deamination
Protein Oxidation
Assay
ELISA

Software Mentioned

Graphpad Prism
ImageJ
Image J

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