The effects of phenobarbital pretreatment on the metabolism and acute toxicity of the pesticide parathion in the mouse

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
L G Sultatos

Abstract

Single-pass perfusion of mouse livers in situ with the phosphorothioate pesticide parathion resulted in formation of the cholinesterase inhibitor paraoxon (PO), p-nitrophenol (PNP), p-nitrophenyl sulfate (PNPS), and p-nitrophenyl glucuronide (PNPG). Daily pretreatment of mice with phenobarbital (80 mg/kg, ip) for 4 days induced hepatic cytochrome P-450 content, as well as oxidative activation and oxidative detoxification of parathion, as measured in vitro. However, phenobarbital pretreatment did not alter production of PO from parathion in mouse livers perfused in situ, although it increased production of PNP, PNPS, and PNPG. Additionally, phenobarbital pretreatment antagonized the acute toxicity of parathion in mice. These results indicate that phenobarbital pretreatment clearly induces that form(s) of cytochrome P-450 catalyzing conversion of parathion to PO. Yet increased amounts of PO do not exit perfused livers from phenobarbital pretreated mice. Instead, the enhanced detoxification of parathion to PNP, PNPS, and PNPG likely results in the observed antagonism of parathion's acute toxicity.

References

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Citations

Dec 6, 2005·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Dae Ok KimTae Cheon Jeong
Nov 27, 1995·Biochemical Pharmacology·J A O'Shaughnessy, L G Sultatos
Mar 5, 1999·Critical Reviews in Toxicology·E Vilanova, M A Sogorb
Feb 5, 2005·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·M Murray, A M Butler
Aug 11, 1995·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·B YanA Parkinson
Feb 1, 1992·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. C, Comparative Pharmacology and Toxicology·B H Ali, H A el Sheikh

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