The Effects of Pitch, Gender, and Prosodic Context on the Identification of Creaky Voice

Phonetica
Lisa Davidson

Abstract

Creaky voice in American English plays both a prosodic role, as a phrase-final marker, and a sociolinguistic one, but it is unclear how accurately naïve listeners can identify creak, and what factors facilitate or hinder ist identification. In this study, American listeners are presented with 2 experiments containing stimuli from both high- and low-pitched male and female speakers. Other manipulations include whether the auditory stimulus is a full sentence or a sentence fragment, and whether it is completely modally voiced, completely creaky, or partially creaky (final 40-50% of the utterance). Accuracy is lowest on partial creak, suggesting that creaky voice is least salient when it serves as an utterance-final marker. There are no strong gender effects aside from a weak tendency to identify creak more often in females than males in the whole creak condition in one experiment. In contrast, when no creak is present, listeners false alarm on the low-pitched males. Rates of identifying creak in male and female speakers are similar, suggesting that listeners have a comparable ability to hear creaky voice in all speakers.

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Citations

Dec 3, 2020·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Joshua PenneyAnita Szakay
Jul 1, 2020·Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR·Brandon Merritt, Tessa Bent
Oct 6, 2020·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Cognitive Science·Lisa Davidson
Jul 25, 2021·Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation·Lady Catherine Cantor-CutivaEric Hunter

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