PMID: 18403883Apr 12, 2008Paper

The effects of PNF training on the facial profile

Journal of Oral Science
Mari NamuraNoriyoshi Shimizu

Abstract

Although orthodontic treatment improves dentoalveolar problems, the facial profile seldom changes because the perioral muscles do not easily adapt to the new morphological circumstances. We employed proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), which is training with added resisted movement to motions such as lifting the upper lip, lowering the lower lip, and sticking out the tongue, to adapt the perioral muscles to the new morphological circumstances. The subjects were 40 adults with an average age of 29.6 years. A series of PNF exercises was performed three times per day for 1 month. Lateral facial photographs were taken using a digital camera before training (T(0)), after training (T(1)), and 1 month after the end of training (T(2)). The nasolabial (NL), mentolabial (ML), and mentocervical (MC) angles were measured, and linear measurements were taken to verify the change of each measurement point. In the test group, the NL and ML angles significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the MC angle significantly decreased after the PNF exercise. From T(1) to T(2), the NL and ML angles decreased significantly, while the MC angle increased significantly. No significant differences were observed in these angles when the values measure...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 15, 2012·Acta Tropica·Laura Davison MangilliClaudia Regina Furquim de Andrade
Jun 28, 2011·Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation·Stefan HesseAnita Bardeleben
Aug 17, 2020·American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation·Kelly J NegleyPatrick J Byrne

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