The Effects of Roughness and Wetness on Salamander Cling Performance.

Integrative and Comparative Biology
Mary Kate O'Donnell, Stephen M Deban

Abstract

Animals clinging to natural surfaces have to generate attachment across a range of surface roughnesses in both dry and wet conditions. Plethodontid salamanders can be aquatic, semi-aquatic, terrestrial, arboreal, troglodytic, saxicolous, and fossorial and therefore may need to climb on and over rocks, tree trunks, plant leaves, and stems, as well as move through soil and water. Sixteen species of salamanders were tested to determine the effects of substrate roughness and wetness on maximum cling angle. Substrate roughness had a significant effect on maximum cling angle, an effect that varied among species. Substrates of intermediate roughness (asperity size 100-350 µm) resulted in the poorest attachment performance for all species. Small species performed best on smooth substrates, while large species showed significant improvement on the roughest substrates (asperity size 1000-4000 µm), possibly switching from mucus adhesion on a smooth substrate to an interlocking attachment on rough substrates. Water, in the form of a misted substrate coating and a flowing stream, decreased cling performance in salamanders on smooth substrates. However, small salamanders significantly increased maximum cling angle on wetted substrates of int...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 4, 2020·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Ulrike K Müller, Simon Poppinga
Aug 26, 2021·Ecology and Evolution·Erica K Baken, Mary Kate O'Donnell
Nov 10, 2021·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part A, Ecological and Integrative Physiology·Christopher S HannaMichael C Granatosky

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