Abstract
After the resurgence of sleeping sickness in Luba, Equatorial Guinea, a major campaign to control the disease was established in 1985. The campaign comprised no vector control, but intensive active and passive surveillance using serology for screening, and treatment of all parasitological and suspected serological cases. Total prevalence was used to classify villages as endemic, at risk, anecdotal and non-endemic which also allowed defining the geographic extent of the focus. Active case-finding was implemented from 1985 to 2004. The frequency of surveys was based on parasitological prevalence: twice a year during intensified control, once a year during ordinary control and once every 2 years during the control consolidation phase, when the parasitological prevalence in the whole focus fell to 0.1%. From 1985 to 1999, the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was used as an initial screening tool, followed by parasitological confirmation of IFAT positive cases, and the Card Agglutination Trypanosomiasis Test (CATT) if necessary. In 2000, the IFAT was replaced by the CATT. Serum-positive individuals without parasitological confirmation were subsequently tested on serial dilution. All cases underwent lumbar puncture to ...Continue Reading
References
Jan 1, 1994·Advances in Parasitology·J Pépin, F Milord
May 1, 1996·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·P P Simarro, P N Asumu
Sep 3, 1998·The American Journal of Emergency Medicine·T L LitovitzM Powers
Jan 13, 2000·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·P P SimarroT Josenando
May 12, 2001·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·P CattandP Lucas
Jan 5, 2002·Acta Tropica·Eddy MagnusNestor Van Meirvenne
Jul 20, 2002·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Dominique LegrosPhilippe Büscher
May 1, 2004·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·Jo RobaysMarleen Boelaert
Nov 16, 2004·Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease·Sven BeckerDietmar Steverding
Jan 18, 2005·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·François ChappuisPhilippe Büscher
Citations
Oct 12, 2010·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·J L N BarrattD Stark
Sep 1, 2007·International Journal of Health Geographics·Jorge CanoJesus Roche
Nov 3, 2010·International Journal of Health Geographics·Pere P SimarroJean G Jannin
Aug 9, 2012·Parasites & Vectors·Francesco ChecchiDaniel T Haydon
Jan 24, 2013·PLoS Computational Biology·Sebastian FunkFrancesco Checchi
Jun 15, 2010·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Carlos Cordon-ObrasJorge Cano
Jan 1, 2014·PloS One·Carlos Cordon-ObrasJean-Mathieu Bart
Dec 17, 2011·Emerging Infectious Diseases·Pere P SimarroJean G Jannin
Jan 21, 2014·Parasites & Vectors·Carlos Cordon-ObrasJean-Mathieu Bart
Feb 2, 2016·Trends in Parasitology·Susan C WelburnIan Maudlin
Nov 1, 2015·Parasitology International·Samson Muuo NzouSatoshi Kaneko
Jul 22, 2009·Molecular Ecology·N A DyerJ Pinto
Mar 27, 2009·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·C Cordon-ObrasJ Cano
Apr 13, 2011·Parasite Immunology·S Magez, G Caljon
Jul 22, 2009·Acta Tropica·S TraoréU V Amazigo
Feb 20, 2015·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·Peter SteinmannFabrizio Tediosi
Aug 11, 2015·Frontiers in Microbiology·Carlos Cordon-ObrasJean-Mathieu Bart
Jan 25, 2012·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Alain MpanyaPascal Lutumba
Sep 23, 2016·PLoS Computational Biology·Harwin de VriesJoris van de Klundert
Oct 2, 2015·PLoS Computational Biology·Chris M Stone, Nakul Chitnis
May 23, 2017·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·José R FrancoDaniel Argaw
Apr 9, 2014·Parasitology·J R FrancoJ G Jannin
Sep 16, 2018·Infectious Diseases of Poverty·Florence FournetValéry Ridde