The embryonic development of sensory organs and the skull in the trisomy 16 mouse, an animal model for Down's syndrome

Annals of Anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : Official Organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft
M LudwigH Winking

Abstract

The trisomy 16 mouse is a widely accepted animal model for the study of the embryonic development of human trisomy 21. While the development of the brain and heart has been thoroughly studied, there are hardly any data on the development of sensory organs like the eye, nose and ear. By studying scanning electron microscopic pictures and semithin sections from the tenth to the 15th day of development, we found delayed development of the nose, and, in particular, of the vomer. Sensory structures of the otic vesicle also showed a marked developmental delay. Pigmentation of the outer layer of the otic cup starts later in trisomic animals. Cleared specimens on day 16 showed retarded development of ossification centres in all areas of the skull. These findings correspond with the abnormal facial morphology found in Down's syndrome and may also provide new insights into the hearing impairment commonly found. The observations in the eye and skull bones indicate that neural crest tissue maldevelopment is not the sole cause of malformations.

References

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Citations

Jun 1, 2000·Hearing Research·M BarrenäsC Hanson
May 21, 2005·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·Alexander W LangeKatherine E Yutzey
Jan 31, 2002·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·J C LiW Kuhnel
Nov 24, 2004·Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine·Luís F GonçalvesRoberto Romero

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