The epigenetic regulation of podocyte function in diabetes

Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications
Syamantak Majumder, Andrew Advani

Abstract

Chronic hyperglycemia early in the course of diabetes confers a sustained increase in the risk of complications development. In recent years, efforts to understand the molecular basis for this "metabolic memory" have focused on epigenetic mechanisms as a means by which transient high glucose can cause persistent and propagated changes in cell function. For instance, in vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and peripheral blood cells, temporary exposure to high glucose causes changes in epigenetic marks that promote a shift towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype. However, the influence of epigenetic processes in complications development extends beyond their contribution to metabolic memory. Podocytes, for example, are terminally differentiated cells of the renal glomerulus whose injury is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of nephropathy. Over recent months, several reports have emerged describing the essential actions of histone-modifying enzymes and DNA methylation patterns (the two principal epigenetic mechanisms) in maintaining podocyte integrity, especially under diabetic conditions. Here, we review the known and potential role of epigenetic processes within podocytes, focusing on the evidence linking these pr...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 10, 2016·Clinical Epigenetics·Andrew Y F Li YimPeter Henneman
Dec 7, 2018·Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·Nicola WannerTobias B Huber
Apr 6, 2019·EMBO Molecular Medicine·Chun-Liang LinPey-Jium Chang
Jun 10, 2017·Journal of Diabetes Research·Ranadheer R DandeJochen Reiser
Apr 9, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·Jiaxing SunShenghua Zhou

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