PMID: 8972877Sep 1, 1996Paper

The FEMA GRAS assessment of alicyclic substances used as flavour ingredients

Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
Timothy B AdamsR A Ford

Abstract

For over 35 years, an independent panel of expert scientists has served as the primary body for evaluating the safety of flavour ingredients. This group, the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers' Association (FEMA), has achieved international recognition from the flavour industry, government regulatory bodies including the Food and Drug Administration, and the toxicology community for its unique contributions. To date, the Expert Panel has evaluated the safety of more than 1700 flavour ingredients and determined the vast majority to be "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS). Elements that are fundamental to the safety evaluation of flavour ingredients include exposure, structural analogy, metabolism, pharmacokinetics and toxicology. Flavour ingredients are evaluated individually taking into account the available scientific information on the group of structurally related substances. The elements of the GRAS assessment program as they have been applied by the Expert Panel to the group of 119 alicyclic substances used as flavour ingredients, and the relevant scientific data which provide the basis for the GRAS status of these substances, are described herein.

References

Aug 1, 1976·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·A Frigerio, C Pantarotto
Jan 18, 1976·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·R V SharmaJ Ganguly
Dec 28, 1979·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·J B SullivanP Bryson
Nov 13, 1978·Archives of Microbiology·P J Weimer, J G Zeikus
Jun 15, 1977·The Biochemical Journal·D BrewsterD V Parke
Oct 1, 1977·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·D BrewsterD V Parke
Aug 1, 1975·Food and Cosmetics Toxicology·J M PosternakC A Vodoz
Sep 1, 1992·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·S D NelsonN Knebel
Jan 1, 1992·Chemical Research in Toxicology·D ThomassenS D Nelson
May 1, 1992·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·K M MacKenzieJ Stanley
May 1, 1991·Fundamental and Applied Toxicology : Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·D R Dietrich, J A Swenberg
Mar 1, 1991·Chemical Research in Toxicology·R N Armstrong
Aug 1, 1991·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·L A Woods, J Doull
Jan 1, 1990·International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health·K Eriksson, J O Levin
Dec 31, 1990·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·K M Madyastha, C P Raj
Oct 1, 1990·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·D R WebbL D Lehman-McKeeman
Jan 1, 1990·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·D A WhiteD Knight
Feb 1, 1990·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·F M VaneT I Doran
Jan 1, 1989·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·J A SwenbergM Charbonneau
Dec 1, 1989·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·P S PortogheseR L Hall
Jan 1, 1989·The American Journal of Emergency Medicine·D E GibsonJ A Pfaff
Jan 1, 1987·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health·M GovernaW Troni
Jan 1, 1987·CRC Critical Reviews in Biochemistry·R N Armstrong
Jul 1, 1988·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·K M Madyastha, V Srivatsan
Jun 1, 1988·Biochemical Pharmacology·C A AustinI R Phillips
Jan 1, 1988·Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis·D B McGregorW J Caspary
Jan 1, 1986·Environmental Mutagenesis·K MortelmansE Zeiger
Jan 1, 1987·Archives of Toxicology. Supplement. = Archiv Für Toxikologie. Supplement·R R MaronpotJ E Huff
May 1, 1987·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·Y NishizawaK Kinoshita
Jul 1, 1986·Toxicology Letters·C MadsenJ Carstensen
Apr 30, 1985·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·P MadyasthaK M Madyastha
Apr 1, 1985·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·P VenturaA Selva
Sep 1, 1985·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·J Stofberg, J C Kirschman
Jun 1, 1969·The Biochemical Journal·J S Robertson, M Hussain
Jun 1, 1973·Journal of Chromatographic Science·A ZlatkisH M Liebich

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 12, 2003·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Timothy B AdamsBernard M Wagner
Apr 20, 2004·Toxicology Letters·R L SmithB M Wagner
May 3, 2003·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·David R BickersHachiro Tagami
Mar 15, 2002·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·T B AdamsB M Wagner
Sep 12, 1998·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·H S RosenkranzG Klopman
May 20, 2015·Journal of Biological Research·Efimia M PapatheodorouDespoina Vokou
Sep 7, 2012·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Julia KasperJoachim Ruther
Feb 2, 2010·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·J Daniel Heck
Sep 28, 2010·Pest Management Science·Phillip E KaufmanJerry F Butler
Feb 1, 2005·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·R L SmithT B Adams
Dec 8, 2004·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·D Arcella, C Leclercq
Jun 14, 2005·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Robert L SmithUNKNOWN Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association
Nov 21, 2013·Cancer Biology & Therapy·Chao Ye, Lan Li
Jan 28, 2015·Food Chemistry·Hosakatte Niranjana MurthyKee-Yoeup Paek
Dec 2, 2008·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·John B Hallagan, Richard L Hall
Mar 13, 2020·Critical Reviews in Toxicology·Nigel J GooderhamSean V Taylor
Jul 20, 2020·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Shoji FukushimaSean V Taylor
Jul 24, 2020·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Nigel J GooderhamSean V Taylor
Jul 5, 2021·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Gerhard EisenbrandSean V Taylor
Jul 5, 2021·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Samuel M CohenSean V Taylor
Apr 24, 2019·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Guillaume BillerachHélène Fulcrand

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
Timothy B AdamsR A Ford
Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
Timothy B AdamsR A Ford
Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
Timothy B AdamsB M Wagner
Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
P NewberneR A Ford
Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
Timothy B AdamsBernard M Wagner
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved