The first batteryless, solar-powered cardiac pacemaker

Heart Rhythm : the Official Journal of the Heart Rhythm Society
Andreas HaeberlinRolf Vogel

Abstract

Contemporary pacemakers (PMs) are powered by primary batteries with a limited energy-storing capacity. PM replacements because of battery depletion are common and unpleasant and bear the risk of complications. Batteryless PMs that harvest energy inside the body may overcome these limitations. The goal of this study was to develop a batteryless PM powered by a solar module that converts transcutaneous light into electrical energy. Ex vivo measurements were performed with solar modules placed under pig skin flaps exposed to different irradiation scenarios (direct sunlight, shade outdoors, and indoors). Subsequently, 2 sunlight-powered PMs featuring a 4.6-cm(2) solar module were implanted in vivo in a pig. One prototype, equipped with an energy buffer, was run in darkness for several weeks to simulate a worst-case scenario. Ex vivo, median output power of the solar module was 1963 μW/cm(2) (interquartile range [IQR] 1940-2107 μW/cm(2)) under direct sunlight exposure outdoors, 206 μW/cm(2) (IQR 194-233 μW/cm(2)) in shade outdoors, and 4 μW/cm(2) (IQR 3.6-4.3 μW/cm(2)) indoors (current PMs use approximately 10-20 μW). Median skin flap thickness was 4.8 mm. In vivo, prolonged SOO pacing was performed even with short irradiation perio...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 24, 2016·IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems·Adrian ZurbuchenRolf Vogel
Jan 5, 2017·Annals of Biomedical Engineering·L BereuterA Haeberlin
Jan 19, 2018·IEEE Transactions on Bio-medical Engineering·Adrian ZurbuchenRolf Vogel
Jul 26, 2018·Advanced Materials·Bojing ShiYubo Fan
Aug 25, 2018·Journal of Biomedical Optics·Alexey N BashkatovValery V Tuchin
Nov 17, 2017·Nature Reviews. Cardiology·Eugenio CingolaniEduardo Marbán
May 4, 2016·Advanced Healthcare Materials·Kwangsun SongJongho Lee
Dec 4, 2019·Advanced Healthcare Materials·Zongguang LiuLinwei Yu
Jan 17, 2020·International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering·Chengdong YuanTamara Bechtold
Jul 31, 2020·Advanced Healthcare Materials·Jinwei ZhaoHadi Heidari
Jun 21, 2020·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Venkata Rao KrishnamurthiYong Wang
Apr 25, 2019·Nature Communications·Han OuyangZhou Li
Oct 29, 2019·Expert Review of Medical Devices·Niek E G BeurskensReinoud E Knops
Sep 9, 2020·Nature Reviews. Cardiology·Qiang ZhengZhou Li
Jul 25, 2017·Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine·Jordan S Leyton-Mange, Theofanie Mela
Aug 23, 2020·Sensors·Bradley D NelsonKeat Ghee Ong
Feb 10, 2021·Current Problems in Cardiology·Michael Lawren CoIndranill Basu-Ray
Dec 18, 2021·Nature Biomedical Engineering·Malin Silverå EjnebyEric Daniel Głowacki

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